Khalilipour Bahareh Sophia, Day Andrew S, Kenrick Kristin, Schultz Michael, Aluzaite Kristina
Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
Department of Paediatrics, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand.
J Clin Med. 2022 Jul 18;11(14):4161. doi: 10.3390/jcm11144161.
Diagnostic delays (time from the first symptoms to diagnosis) are common in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and may lead to worse disease progression and treatment outcomes. This study aimed to determine the duration of diagnostic delays (DD) and to explore associated factors in a cohort of children with IBD in New Zealand. In this study, patients with IBD diagnosed as children and their parents/caregivers completed questionnaires on the patients’ medical history, diagnostic experience, and demographic characteristics. The parent/caregiver questionnaire also included the Barriers to Care Questionnaire (BCQ). Patients’ healthcare data was reviewed to summarise the history of clinical visits and determine symptoms. Total DD, healthcare DD, patient DD and parent DD were derived from the primary dataset. Factors associated with the different types of DD were explored with a series of simple linear and logistical ordinal regressions. A total of 36 patients (Crohn’s disease 25, ulcerative colitis 10; male 17) were included. They were diagnosed at a median age of 12 years (interquartile range (IQR) 10−15 years). Total healthcare delay (from first healthcare visit to formal diagnosis) was median (IQR) 15.4 (6.5−34.2) months. The median (IQR) specialist-associated delay was 4.5 (0−34) days. Higher household income was associated with shorter healthcare delay (p < 0.018), while lower overall BCQ scores (indicating more barriers experienced) were associated with longer total healthcare DD. Higher scores in each subscale of BCQ (Skills; Pragmatics; Expectations; Marginalization; Knowledge and Beliefs) were also significantly associated with shorter total healthcare delay (p < 0.04). This study found substantial diagnostic delays in paediatric patients with IBD and identified significant associations between longer total healthcare diagnostic delays and overall household income and higher self-reported barriers to accessing healthcare.
诊断延迟(从出现首发症状到确诊的时间)在炎症性肠病(IBD)中很常见,可能导致疾病进展更差和治疗效果不佳。本研究旨在确定新西兰一组IBD儿童的诊断延迟时长,并探究相关因素。在本研究中,儿童期被诊断为IBD的患者及其父母/照料者完成了关于患者病史、诊断经历和人口统计学特征的问卷。父母/照料者问卷还包括护理障碍问卷(BCQ)。回顾患者的医疗保健数据以总结临床就诊史并确定症状。总诊断延迟、医疗保健诊断延迟、患者诊断延迟和父母诊断延迟均来自原始数据集。通过一系列简单线性回归和有序逻辑回归探究与不同类型诊断延迟相关的因素。共纳入36例患者(克罗恩病25例,溃疡性结肠炎10例;男性17例)。他们的诊断中位年龄为12岁(四分位间距(IQR)为10 - 15岁)。总的医疗保健延迟(从首次医疗就诊到正式诊断)中位值(IQR)为15.4(6.5 - 34.2)个月。与专科医生相关的延迟中位值(IQR)为4.5(0 - 34)天。家庭收入较高与医疗保健延迟较短相关(p < 0.018),而BCQ总分较低(表明经历的障碍更多)与总的医疗保健诊断延迟较长相关。BCQ各子量表(技能;语用学;期望;边缘化;知识和信念)得分较高也与总的医疗保健延迟较短显著相关(p < 0.04)。本研究发现IBD儿科患者存在显著的诊断延迟,并确定总的医疗保健诊断延迟较长与家庭总收入以及自我报告的获得医疗保健的较高障碍之间存在显著关联。