Ciofini Alice, Negrini Francesca, Baroncelli Riccardo, Baraldi Elena
Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Jul 15;11(14):1856. doi: 10.3390/plants11141856.
Anthracnose is a severe disease caused by spp. on several crop species. Fungal infections can occur both in the field and at the post-harvest stage causing severe lesions on fruits and economic losses. Physical treatments and synthetic fungicides have traditionally been the preferred means to control anthracnose adverse effects; however, the urgent need to decrease the use of toxic chemicals led to the investigation of innovative and sustainable protection techniques. Evidence for the efficacy of biological agents and vegetal derivates has been reported; however, their introduction into actual crop protection strategies requires the solutions of several critical issues. Biotechnology-based approaches have also been explored, revealing the opportunity to develop innovative and safe methods for anthracnose management through genome editing and RNA interference technologies. Nevertheless, besides the number of advantages related to their use, e.g., the putative absence of adverse effects due to their high specificity, a number of aspects remain to be clarified to enable their introduction into Integrated Pest Management (IPM) protocols against spp. disease.
炭疽病是由多种病原菌引起的一种严重病害，可侵染多种作物。真菌感染在田间和收获后阶段均可发生，会导致果实出现严重病斑并造成经济损失。传统上，物理处理和合成杀菌剂一直是控制炭疽病不良影响的首选方法；然而，由于迫切需要减少有毒化学品的使用，人们开始研究创新和可持续的保护技术。已有报道证明生物制剂和植物提取物具有防治效果；然而，将它们引入实际的作物保护策略需要解决几个关键问题。基于生物技术的方法也已得到探索，这揭示了通过基因组编辑和RNA干扰技术开发创新且安全的炭疽病管理方法的可能性。尽管如此，除了使用它们具有诸多优势，例如因其高特异性可能不存在不良影响外，仍有许多方面有待阐明，以便将其引入针对多种病原菌病害的综合虫害管理（IPM）方案中。
