College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
College of Bioscience and Resources Environment, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 100096, China.
Viruses. 2022 Jul 12;14(7):1519. doi: 10.3390/v14071519.
Alfalfa ( L.) is one of the most important quality forages worldwide and is cultivated throughout China. Alfalfa is susceptible to a variety of viral diseases during its growth, which has caused huge amounts of commercial losses. However, the profile of the alfalfa virus in China remains ambiguous and the viruses transmitted by (Haliday), dominant insect pests in alfalfa, are also poorly understood. In the present study, virus diversity was investigated in the primary alfalfa-growing areas in China. A total of 18 alfalfa viruses were identified through RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Two new plant viruses, virus 1 (MsV1) and luteovirus 1 (MsLV1), were detected for the first time. Another four viruses, including the Alfalfa ringspot-associated virus (ARaV), Alfalfa virus F (AVF), Alfalfa enamovirus 1 (AEV1), and Alfalfa deltaparitivirus (ADPV), were reported in China for the first time as well. Both (AMV) and alphapartitivirus 2 (MsAPV2) are the dominant pathogens, with an infection incidence of 91.7-100%, and 74.4-97.2%, respectively. Additionally, with first- and second-instar nymphs were shown to acquire the AMV within 0.25 h of feeding on a virus-infected alfalfa. Transmission by thrips to healthy alfalfa plants was also demonstrated. Additionally, we clarified the dynamic changes in the AMV in pre-adult stages of , which indicated that the AMV is propagated in the nymph stage of . These findings provide valuable information for understanding the alfalfa virome, confirm the role thrips plays in alfalfa virus transmission, and improve our fundamental knowledge and management of diseases in China.
紫花苜蓿（L.）是世界上最重要的优质饲料之一，在中国各地均有栽培。紫花苜蓿在生长过程中易感染多种病毒病，造成了巨大的商业损失。然而，中国苜蓿病毒的特征尚不明确，苜蓿的主要传毒昆虫（Haliday）传播的病毒也知之甚少。本研究对中国主要苜蓿种植区的病毒多样性进行了调查。通过 RNA 测序（RNA-seq）和反转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）共鉴定了 18 种苜蓿病毒。首次检测到 2 种新的植物病毒，即苜蓿花叶病毒 1（MsV1）和苜蓿黄脉病毒 1（MsLV1）。此外，还在中国首次报道了 4 种病毒，包括苜蓿环斑病毒（ARaV）、苜蓿病毒 F（AVF）、苜蓿栅状病毒 1（AEV1）和苜蓿德尔塔马铃薯 Y 病毒（ADPV）。苜蓿花叶病毒（AMV）和苜蓿苹果潜隐病毒 2（MsAPV2）是优势病原体，感染率分别为 91.7-100%和 74.4-97.2%。此外，第 1 龄和第 2 龄若虫在取食感染病毒的紫花苜蓿后 0.25 小时内即可获得 AMV。证明了烟粉虱可以将 AMV 传播到健康的苜蓿植株上。此外，我们还阐明了 AMV 在 若虫期的动态变化，表明 AMV 在 若虫期进行繁殖。这些发现为了解苜蓿病毒组提供了有价值的信息，证实了烟粉虱在苜蓿病毒传播中的作用，并提高了我们对中国疾病的基本知识和管理水平。
