Rampelotto Pabulo Henrique, Dos Santos Anne Caroline Ramos, Muterle Varela Ana Paula, Takeuti Karine Ludwig, Loiko Márcia Regina, Mayer Fabiana Quoos, Roehe Paulo Michel
Laboratório Experimental de Hepatologia e Gastroenterologia, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-007, Brazil.
Laboratório de Virologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Básica da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil.
Biology (Basel). 2022 Jul 26;11(8):1111. doi: 10.3390/biology11081111.
A prospective study was conducted to identify bacterial communities in the nasal and laryngeal cavities of pigs with or without clinical signs of respiratory disease in a longitudinal fashion, from weaning to the finishing phase. Nasal and laryngeal swabs were collected from asymptomatic pigs (n = 30), as well as from pigs with clinical signs of respiratory disease (n = 30) at the end of the weaning (T1-33 days) phase, end of the nursery phase (T2-71 days), and finishing (T3-173 days). Total DNA was extracted from each sample, and the V4 hypervariable region of the gene was amplified and sequenced with the Illumina MiSeq platform. Principal coordinates analysis indicated no significant differences between the nasal and laryngeal bacterial communities. Nevertheless, the microbiota composition in the upper respiratory tract (URT) was clearly distinct between animals, with or without signs of respiratory disease, particularly at post-weaning and the end of nursery. In pigs with clinical signs of respiratory disease, , , , and an unclassified genus of Pasteurellaceae were more abundant than in pigs with no signs. Metabolic prediction identified 28 differentially abundant pathways, mainly related to carbohydrate, energy, amino acid, anaerobic, and nucleotide metabolism in symptomatic pigs (especially in T2). These findings provide evidence that the composition of the URT bacterial microbiota differs significantly when comparing pigs with or without respiratory clinical signs after weaning, and this difference is maintained in the nursery phase; such differences, however, were not evident at the finishing phase.
进行了一项前瞻性研究，以纵向方式从断奶到育肥阶段，鉴定有无呼吸道疾病临床症状的猪鼻腔和喉腔中的细菌群落。在断奶期（T1 - 33天）结束、保育期结束（T2 - 71天）和育肥期（T3 - 173天），从无症状猪（n = 30）以及有呼吸道疾病临床症状的猪（n = 30）中采集鼻腔和喉拭子。从每个样本中提取总DNA，并使用Illumina MiSeq平台对基因的V4高变区进行扩增和测序。主坐标分析表明鼻腔和喉细菌群落之间无显著差异。然而，无论有无呼吸道疾病迹象，动物上呼吸道（URT）中的微生物群组成明显不同，尤其是在断奶后和保育期末。有呼吸道疾病临床症状的猪中，巴氏杆菌科的[具体菌属1]、[具体菌属2]、[具体菌属3]和一个未分类属比无疾病迹象的猪中更为丰富。代谢预测确定了28条差异丰富的途径，主要与有症状猪（尤其是在T2）的碳水化合物、能量、氨基酸、厌氧和核苷酸代谢有关。这些发现提供了证据，表明断奶后比较有无呼吸道临床症状的猪时，URT细菌微生物群的组成存在显著差异，且这种差异在保育期得以维持；然而，在育肥期这种差异并不明显。
