Malinga Lawrence N, Laing Mark D
Agricultural Research Council-Industrial Crops, Rustenburg 0300, South Africa.
South African Sugarcane Research Institute, Mount Edgecombe 4300, South Africa.
Insects. 2022 Jul 27;13(8):673. doi: 10.3390/insects13080673.
Cotton is one of the most valuable materials in the world, popularly used in the clothing industry and other products. However, its production is limited by the high infestation of insect pests. A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different biopesticides on the control of the African bollworm () under cotton field conditions. Four biopesticides-namely, Eco-Bb (), Bb endophyte (), Bolldex (Nucleopolyhedrovirus), and Delfin ()-were evaluated and compared with the pyrethroid Karate (lambda-cyhalothrin) and an untreated control against . Field trials were conducted at the Agriculture Research Council, Rustenburg, in the North West Province of South Africa during the 2017 and 2018 cotton seasons. The results revealed that in plots sprayed with Karate and Bolldex, the numbers of were significantly reduced compared to the untreated controls. Plots treated with Bolldex had the lowest number of damaged bolls in 2017, while those treated with Karate had the lowest number of damaged bolls in 2018. All treated plots had significantly fewer damaged bolls when compared to the controls. A seed cotton yield of 5987 kg/ha was recorded in the plots that were treated with Bolldex-significantly higher than the yields from plots treated with Eco-Bb, Delfin, and Bb endophyte-in 2017. However, the yield in treatments with Eco-Bb, Delfin, and Bb endophyte was lower than that from the untreated controls during this season. In 2018, plots treated with Bolldex had the highest yield, at 6818 kg/ha, which was not different from the other treatments. The highest average seed cotton yield of 6400 kg/ha was recorded in the plots treated with Bolldex, followed by Karate. In summary, the efficacy of different biopesticides against varied significantly, while the synthetic pesticide (Karate) and Bolldex resulted in more consistent control of this pest. The results suggest that biopesticides may, however, have the potential for use in the sustainable control of cotton bollworms as part of integrated pest management programmes, although further work is required to support this hypothesis.
棉花是世界上最有价值的材料之一，广泛应用于服装行业和其他产品。然而，其产量受到害虫大量侵袭的限制。开展了一项研究，以评估不同生物农药在棉田条件下对棉铃虫（ ）的防治效果。对四种生物农药——即Eco - Bb（ ）、Bb内生菌（ ）、棉铃虫核型多角体病毒（Bolldex）和德尔芬（Delfin）（ ）——进行了评估，并与拟除虫菊酯类的功夫菊酯（高效氯氟氰菊酯）以及未处理的对照进行了针对棉铃虫的比较。2017年和2018年棉花种植季期间，在南非西北省勒斯滕堡的农业研究理事会进行了田间试验。结果显示，在喷施了功夫菊酯和棉铃虫核型多角体病毒的地块中，棉铃虫数量与未处理的对照相比显著减少。2017年，用棉铃虫核型多角体病毒处理的地块受损棉铃数量最少，而2018年用功夫菊酯处理的地块受损棉铃数量最少。与对照相比，所有处理地块的受损棉铃数量均显著减少。2017年，用棉铃虫核型多角体病毒处理的地块籽棉产量记录为5987千克/公顷，显著高于用Eco - Bb、德尔芬和Bb内生菌处理的地块的产量。然而，在该种植季，用Eco - Bb、德尔芬和Bb内生菌处理的地块产量低于未处理的对照地块。2018年，用棉铃虫核型多角体病毒处理的地块产量最高，为6818千克/公顷，与其他处理无差异。用棉铃虫核型多角体病毒处理的地块籽棉平均产量最高，为6400千克/公顷，其次是功夫菊酯。总之，不同生物农药对棉铃虫的防治效果差异显著，而合成农药（功夫菊酯）和棉铃虫核型多角体病毒对这种害虫的防治效果更稳定。结果表明，生物农药作为害虫综合治理计划的一部分，可能具有用于可持续防治棉铃虫的潜力，不过还需要进一步的研究来支持这一假设。
