Bongiovanni Tindaro, Tinsley Grant, Martera Giulia, Orlandi Carmine, Genovesi Federico, Puleo Giuseppe, Rossi Alessio, Trecroci Athos
Performance and Analytics Department, Parma Calcio 1913, 43044 Parma, Italy.
Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20129 Milano, Italy.
Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ. 2022 Jul 22;12(8):882-892. doi: 10.3390/ejihpe12080064.
The assessment of body composition over a competitive season provides valuable information that can help sports professionals to evaluate the efficacy of training and nutritional strategies, as well as monitoring athletes’ health status. The purpose of this study was to examine the association of changes in body composition and hydration status with changes in lower-body neuromuscular performance in soccer. Twenty-two male professional soccer players (mean ± SD; age: 26.4 ± 4.8 years; height: 184.3 ± 5.7 cm; body mass: 81.1 ± 6.5 kg; body fat: 11.6 ± 1.5%) took part in the study, for which they were tested at the initial and final stage of the competitive season. Total (whole body) and regional (arms and legs) lean soft tissue (LST) were estimated to obtain the body composition profile. Total body water (TBW) content, including extracellular (ECW) and intracellular (ICW) water, was obtained to monitor players’ hydration status. Countermovement jump (CMJ) height, power, and strength were used to derive players’ lower-body neuromuscular performance. The results showed that changes in legs LST and ICW significantly (p < 0.01) explained (r2 = 0.39) the improvements in CMJ height, power, and strength from the initial to the final stage of the season. Given the high demand imposed on the lower limbs during a soccer season, being more susceptible to change compared to whole-body LST, assessing regional LST and ICW would be more appropriate to provide extended information on players’ readiness.
在一个竞技赛季中对身体成分进行评估可提供有价值的信息，有助于体育专业人员评估训练和营养策略的效果，以及监测运动员的健康状况。本研究的目的是探讨足球运动员身体成分和水合状态的变化与下肢神经肌肉性能变化之间的关联。22名男性职业足球运动员（平均值±标准差；年龄：26.4±4.8岁；身高：184.3±5.7厘米；体重：81.1±6.5千克；体脂：11.6±1.5%）参与了本研究，他们在竞技赛季的初始阶段和最后阶段接受了测试。通过估算全身和局部（手臂和腿部）的瘦软组织（LST）来获取身体成分概况。获取包括细胞外液（ECW）和细胞内液（ICW）在内的总体水（TBW）含量，以监测运动员的水合状态。利用反向移动跳（CMJ）的高度、功率和力量来评估运动员的下肢神经肌肉性能。结果表明，腿部LST和ICW的变化显著（p<0.01）解释了（r2 = 0.39）赛季初始阶段到最后阶段CMJ高度、功率和力量的改善情况。鉴于足球赛季对下肢的要求很高，与全身LST相比更容易发生变化，评估局部LST和ICW更适合提供有关运动员准备情况的详细信息。
