Hung Yuan-Tai, Song Yajian, Hu Qiong, Faris Richard J, Guo Juanjuan, Ma Yiwei, Saqui-Salces Milena, Urriola Pedro E, Shurson Gerald C, Chen Chi
Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, 1988 Fitch Ave, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA.
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Ave, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA.
Metabolites. 2022 Jul 26;12(8):686. doi: 10.3390/metabo12080686.
Feeding high-fiber (HF) coproducts to grow-finish pigs as a cost-saving practice could compromise growth performance, while the inclusion of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) may improve it. The hindgut is a shared site of actions between fiber and AGPs. However, whether the metabolic interactions between them could occur in the digestive tract of pigs and then become detectable in feces have not been well-examined. In this study, wheat middling (WM), a HF coproduct, and bacitracin, a peptide antibiotic (AB), were fed to 128 grow-finish pigs for 98 days following a 2 × 2 factorial design, including antibiotic-free (AF) + low fiber (LF); AF + HF; AB + LF, and AB + HF, for growth and metabolic responses. The growth performance of the pigs was compromised by HF feedings but not by AB. A metabolomic analysis of fecal samples collected on day 28 of feeding showed that WM elicited comprehensive metabolic changes, especially in amino acids, fatty acids, and their microbial metabolites, while bacitracin caused selective metabolic changes, including in secondary bile acids. Limited metabolic interactions occurred between fiber and AB treatments. Moreover, the correlations between individual fecal metabolites and growth support the usage of fecal metabolome as a source of biomarkers for monitoring and predicting the metabolic performance of grow-finish pigs.
给生长育肥猪饲喂高纤维（HF）副产品作为一种节约成本的做法可能会损害生长性能，而添加抗生素生长促进剂（AGP）可能会改善生长性能。后肠是纤维和AGP共同起作用的部位。然而，它们之间的代谢相互作用是否会在猪的消化道中发生，进而在粪便中被检测到，尚未得到充分研究。在本研究中，按照2×2析因设计，将一种HF副产品小麦麸（WM）和一种肽类抗生素杆菌肽（AB）饲喂给128头生长育肥猪98天，包括无抗生素（AF）+低纤维（LF）；AF+HF；AB+LF和AB+HF组，以观察生长和代谢反应。猪的生长性能受到HF日粮的影响，但不受AB的影响。对饲喂第28天采集的粪便样本进行代谢组学分析表明，WM引起了全面的代谢变化，尤其是在氨基酸、脂肪酸及其微生物代谢产物方面，而杆菌肽则导致了选择性代谢变化，包括次级胆汁酸方面的变化。纤维和AB处理之间发生的代谢相互作用有限。此外，个体粪便代谢产物与生长之间的相关性支持将粪便代谢组作为监测和预测生长育肥猪代谢性能的生物标志物来源。
