Bartucca Maria Luce, Cerri Martina, Del Buono Daniele, Forni Cinzia
Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy.
Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Jul 27;11(15):1946. doi: 10.3390/plants11151946.
Environmental pollution is one of the most pressing global issues, and it requires priority attention. Environmental remediation techniques have been developed over the years and can be applied to polluted sites, but they can have limited effectiveness and high energy consumption and costs. Bioremediation techniques, on the other hand, represent a promising alternative. Among them, phytoremediation is attracting particular attention, a green methodology that relies on the use of plant species to remediate contaminated sites or prevent the dispersion of xenobiotics into the environment. In this review, after a brief introduction focused on pollution and phytoremediation, the use of plant biostimulants (PBs) in the improvement of the remediation effectiveness is proposed. PBs are substances widely used in agriculture to raise crop production and resistance to various types of stress. Recent studies have also documented their ability to counteract the deleterious effects of pollutants on plants, thus increasing the phytoremediation efficiency of some species. The works published to date, reviewed and discussed in the present work, reveal promising prospects in the remediation of polluted environments, especially for heavy metals, when PBs derived from humic substances, protein and amino acid hydrolysate, inorganic salts, microbes, seaweed, plant extracts, and fungi are employed.
环境污染是最紧迫的全球问题之一，需要优先关注。多年来已开发出环境修复技术，可应用于污染场地，但这些技术可能效果有限，且能源消耗和成本高昂。另一方面，生物修复技术是一种很有前景的替代方法。其中，植物修复尤其受到关注，这是一种绿色方法，依靠植物物种来修复受污染场地或防止外源化合物扩散到环境中。在本综述中，在简要介绍污染和植物修复之后，提出了使用植物生物刺激剂（PBs）来提高修复效果。PBs是农业中广泛用于提高作物产量和抗各种胁迫能力的物质。最近的研究还证明了它们能够抵消污染物对植物的有害影响，从而提高某些物种的植物修复效率。目前工作中综述和讨论的迄今已发表的研究成果表明，当使用源自腐殖质、蛋白质和氨基酸水解物、无机盐、微生物、海藻、植物提取物和真菌的PBs时，在污染环境修复方面，尤其是对重金属的修复，具有广阔前景。
