International Campus School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2023;24(5):611-632. doi: 10.2174/1389201023666220727141624.
Hepatitis, an inflammation of the liver parenchyma, is a viral disease. Addressing the challenges of hepatitis is very important. Therefore, using nanoparticles (NPs) in solving the problems of hepatitis diagnosis and treatment can be considered a promising approach. To the best of our knowledge, there are few studies to review the most widely used and effective NPs in the field of hepatitis. A literature review was performed on the publications available on the subject matter from 2011 to 2021. The keywords in different combinations such as "hepatitis," "nanobiosensor," "nanoparticles," "drug delivery," "vaccination," "HBV," and "HCV" were searched in databases of PubMed and Scopus. The collected data were then analyzed. Our review study for introducing the widely used metallic, polymeric and carbon-based NPs with more promising effects in the field of hepatitis virus infection shows that the most effective metallic NPs were gold nanoparticles for designing detection sensors. Also, among polymeric NPs, chitosan NPs seem to be the best nanocarriers in drug delivery and vaccination for hepatitis and among carbon-based NPs, carbon dots had more promising effects for biosensing of hepatitis. According to the results, it is suggested that more studies could be conducted on these NPs for further studies on hepatitis as well as other viral infectious diseases.
肝炎是肝脏实质的炎症，是一种病毒性疾病。解决肝炎的挑战非常重要。因此，使用纳米粒子（NPs）来解决肝炎的诊断和治疗问题可以被认为是一种很有前途的方法。据我们所知，很少有研究来综述肝炎领域中最广泛使用和有效的 NPs。对 2011 年至 2021 年有关该主题的出版物进行了文献回顾。在 PubMed 和 Scopus 数据库中以不同组合的关键词搜索了“肝炎”、“纳米生物传感器”、“纳米粒子”、“药物输送”、“疫苗接种”、“HBV”和“HCV”等。然后分析收集的数据。我们的综述研究介绍了在肝炎病毒感染领域具有更有前途效果的广泛使用的金属、聚合物和基于碳的 NPs，研究表明，最有效的金属 NPs 是用于设计检测传感器的金纳米粒子。此外，在聚合物 NPs 中，壳聚糖 NPs 似乎是药物输送和肝炎疫苗接种中最好的纳米载体，而在基于碳的 NPs 中，碳点在肝炎的生物传感中具有更有前途的效果。根据研究结果，建议对这些 NPs 进行更多的研究，以进一步研究肝炎以及其他病毒性传染病。
