Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, China.
Key Laboratory, Department of Urology and Andrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
Cell Commun Signal. 2022 Jul 27;20(1):114. doi: 10.1186/s12964-022-00909-0.
Metabolic reprogramming and immune escape play a major role in tumorigenesis. Increasing number of studies have shown that reprogramming of glutamine metabolism is a putative determinant of the anti-tumor immune response in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Usually, the predatory uptake of glutamine by tumor cells in the TME results in the limited utilization of glutamine by immune cells and affects the anti-tumor immune response. The cell-programmed glutamine partitioning also affects the anti-tumor immune response. However, the reprogramming of glutamine metabolism in tumors modulates immune escape by regulating tumor PD-L1 expression. Likewise, the reprogramming of glutamine metabolism in the immune cells also affects their immune function. Additionally, different types of glutamine metabolism inhibitors extensively regulate the immune cells in the TME while suppressing tumor cell proliferation. Herein, we discuss how metabolic reprogramming of tumor and immune cells regulates anti-tumor immune responses, as well as functional changes in different immune cells in the context of targeting tumor glutamine metabolism, which can better explain the potential of targeting glutamine metabolism in combination with immunotherapy for cancer. Video abstract.
代谢重编程和免疫逃逸在肿瘤发生中起着重要作用。越来越多的研究表明，谷氨酰胺代谢的重编程是肿瘤微环境（TME）中抗肿瘤免疫反应的一个潜在决定因素。通常，TME 中的肿瘤细胞对谷氨酰胺的掠夺性摄取导致免疫细胞对谷氨酰胺的有限利用，并影响抗肿瘤免疫反应。细胞程序性的谷氨酰胺分配也会影响抗肿瘤免疫反应。然而，肿瘤中谷氨酰胺代谢的重编程通过调节肿瘤 PD-L1 表达来调节免疫逃逸。同样，免疫细胞中谷氨酰胺代谢的重编程也会影响它们的免疫功能。此外，不同类型的谷氨酰胺代谢抑制剂在抑制肿瘤细胞增殖的同时，广泛调节 TME 中的免疫细胞。本文讨论了肿瘤和免疫细胞的代谢重编程如何调节抗肿瘤免疫反应，以及在靶向肿瘤谷氨酰胺代谢的情况下不同免疫细胞的功能变化，这可以更好地解释靶向谷氨酰胺代谢与免疫疗法联合治疗癌症的潜力。视频摘要。
