Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2022 Sep 5;437:129431. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129431. Epub 2022 Jun 22.
As the staple food for Asian countries and with its ability in arsenic accumulation, rice consumption becomes a dominant pathway for As exposure to humans. Here, we collected 108 rice samples from local markets and online sources in 13 major rice-producing regions in China, and determined As contents, speciation and bioaccessibility in the samples. Total As contents were 25-327 μg kg (averaging 120), showing regional differences, with Hunan province being greater than other provinces at 180 vs 110. In rice grains, inorganic As was the dominant species, being 39.9-88.5 (61.1 %), but all being within the Chinese standard at 200 μg kg. Based on the modified physiologically-based extraction test (MPEBT), arsenic bioaccessibility in rice samples was 20.1-82.2 (52.3 %) in the gastric phase and 47.2-113 (81.2 %) in the intestinal phase. Strong positive correlation between total As and bioaccessible As suggested bioaccessible As was content-dependent. Based on the intestinal phase, the rice samples from northern region had lower As bioaccessibility than other regions (59.2 vs 83.2 %), and Japonica variety had lower As bioaccessibility than Indica variety (71.1 vs 83.1 %). This study suggests that rice from markets in China is safe, with their As contents and bioaccessibility showing regional and variety differences.
作为亚洲国家的主食，且具有砷积累能力，大米消费成为人类暴露于砷的主要途径。本研究从中国 13 个主要产稻区的当地市场和在线来源收集了 108 个大米样本，并测定了这些样本中的砷含量、形态和生物可给性。总砷含量为 25-327μg/kg（平均 120μg/kg），存在区域性差异，湖南省的总砷含量（180μg/kg）高于其他省份（110μg/kg）。在大米谷物中，无机砷是主要形态，占 39.9-88.5%（61.1%），但均在 200μg/kg 的中国标准范围内。基于改良的生理相关提取测试（MPEBT），大米样本中砷的生物可给性在胃阶段为 20.1-82.2%（52.3%），在肠阶段为 47.2-113%（81.2%）。总砷与生物可给砷之间存在强烈的正相关，表明生物可给砷是与含量相关的。基于肠阶段，来自北方地区的大米样本的砷生物可给性低于其他地区（59.2%比 83.2%），籼稻品种的砷生物可给性低于粳稻品种（71.1%比 83.1%）。本研究表明，中国市场上的大米是安全的，其砷含量和生物可给性存在区域性和品种差异。
