Department of Physical Education, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
Institute of Physical Education, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jul 26;19(15):9106. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19159106.
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) on cognitive flexibility in young adults with differing levels of aerobic fitness. Sixty-six young adults were grouped into high- and low-fit groups based on their final running distance on the 20 m Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run (PACER) test. Individuals participated in a 10 min HIIE, a 20 min HIIE, a 20 min MICE, and a control session (reading quietly in a chair) in a counterbalanced order. The more-odd shifting task was completed before and approximately 5 min after each intervention to assess cognitive flexibility. The results showed that young adults with a high fitness level gained greater benefits in terms of switch cost from the 20 min HIIE, while low-fitness participants benefited more from the 10 min HIIE and the 20 min MICE. These findings suggest that aerobic fitness may influence the effect of acute HIIE and MICE on cognitive flexibility. Young adults should consider individual fitness level when adopting time-effective and appropriate exercise routines to improve cognitive flexibility.
本研究旨在评估高强度间歇训练（HIIE）和中等强度持续训练（MICE）对不同有氧适能水平的年轻成年人认知灵活性的影响。66 名年轻成年人根据其在 20 米渐进式有氧心血管耐力跑（PACER）测试中的最终跑步距离分为高适应组和低适应组。个体以平衡的顺序参与了 10 分钟的 HIIE、20 分钟的 HIIE、20 分钟的 MICE 和控制组（安静地坐在椅子上阅读）。在每次干预前后约 5 分钟完成更多奇数转换任务，以评估认知灵活性。结果表明，有氧适能水平较高的年轻人从 20 分钟的 HIIE 中获得了更大的切换成本收益，而低适应能力的参与者从 10 分钟的 HIIE 和 20 分钟的 MICE 中获益更多。这些发现表明，有氧适能可能会影响急性 HIIE 和 MICE 对认知灵活性的影响。年轻人在采用省时有效的适当运动方案来提高认知灵活性时，应考虑个人的健康水平。
