Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-Food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), Università degli Studi della Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Jul 25;23(15):8180. doi: 10.3390/ijms23158180.
A detailed knowledge of the status of the retina in neurodegenerative conditions is a crucial point for the development of therapeutics in retinal pathologies and to translate eye research to CNS disease. In this context, manipulating signaling pathways that lead to neuronal regeneration offers an excellent opportunity to substitute damaged cells and, thus, restore the tissue functionality. Alternative systems and methods are increasingly being considered to replace/reduce in vivo approaches in the study of retina pathophysiology. Herein, we present recent data obtained from the zebrafish () and the fruit fly that bring promising advantages into studying and modeling, at a preclinical level, neurodegeneration and regenerative approaches in retinal diseases. Indeed, the regenerative ability of vertebrate model zebrafish is particularly appealing. In addition, the fruit fly is ideal for regenerative studies due to its high degree of conservation with vertebrates and the broad spectrum of genetic variants achievable. Furthermore, a large part of the drosophila brain is dedicated to sight, thus offering the possibility of studying common mechanisms of the visual system and the brain at once. The knowledge acquired from these alternative models may help to investigate specific well-conserved factors of interest in human neuroregeneration after injuries or during pathologies.
深入了解神经退行性疾病中视网膜的状态，对于开发视网膜病变的治疗方法以及将眼部研究转化为中枢神经系统疾病至关重要。在这种情况下，操纵导致神经元再生的信号通路为替代受损细胞提供了极好的机会，从而恢复组织功能。替代系统和方法越来越多地被考虑用于替代/减少体内方法，以研究视网膜病理生理学。在此，我们介绍了从斑马鱼和果蝇中获得的最新数据，这些数据为在临床前水平研究和模拟视网膜疾病中的神经退行性变和再生方法带来了有希望的优势。事实上，脊椎动物模型斑马鱼的再生能力特别吸引人。此外，由于果蝇与脊椎动物高度保守，并且可以实现广泛的遗传变异，因此非常适合再生研究。此外，果蝇大脑的很大一部分专门用于视觉，因此有可能同时研究视觉系统和大脑的常见机制。从这些替代模型中获得的知识可能有助于研究人类在受伤或患病后神经再生过程中特定的、保守的相关因素。
