Lui Florence, Anglin Deidre M
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
Department of Psychology, City College of New York and The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
Equal Divers Incl. 2022 Apr 26;41(4):648-672. doi: 10.1108/edi-06-2021-0149. Epub 2021 Dec 17.
Ethnoracial minorities report a variety of discriminatory experiences due to systemic racism. Yet, few studies have examined whether gender and race/ethnicity interact to predict institutional discrimination and racial microaggressions through an intersectional approach.
DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: A predominantly female (60%), ethnoracial minority (20.8% Black, 31.6% Asian, 30.8% Latina/o, 8.2% White, 6.6% Middle Eastern) sample of 895 undergraduates attending a minority-serving public university in an urban setting completed self-report measures of sociodemographic characteristics, experiences of racial microaggressions, and institutional discrimination.
Significant (p<.05) gender × race/ethnicity interaction effects were found in several institutional discrimination domains: Males reported more police/court discrimination overall, but gender differences in police/court discrimination were less pronounced for non-Black vs. Black students. While males tended to report more institutional discrimination than females, the reverse was true for the Middle Eastern group: Middle Eastern females reported institutional discrimination in more domains and more discrimination getting hired than their male counterparts. There was a significant race/ethnicity × gender interaction effect for environmental microaggressions: White males reported more environmental microaggressions than White females, but gender differences were not found in the overall sample.
This study is the first to our knowledge to assess the interactive effects of gender and ethnicity on the type of microaggressions experienced in a diverse sample that includes individuals of Middle Eastern descent. The authors highlight the range of discriminatory events that ethnoracially minoritized undergraduates experience, even at a minority-serving institution.
少数族裔报告了因系统性种族主义而产生的各种歧视经历。然而，很少有研究通过交叉性方法来检验性别和种族/族裔是否相互作用以预测制度性歧视和种族微侵犯。
设计/方法/途径：对895名就读于城市地区一所服务少数族裔的公立大学的本科生进行了抽样调查，样本中女性占主导（60%），少数族裔占比较高（20.8%为黑人，31.6%为亚洲人，30.8%为拉丁裔，8.2%为白人，6.6%为中东人），他们完成了关于社会人口特征、种族微侵犯经历和制度性歧视的自我报告测量。
在几个制度性歧视领域发现了显著的（p<.05）性别×种族/族裔交互作用效应：总体而言，男性报告的警察/法庭歧视更多，但非黑人学生与黑人学生相比，警察/法庭歧视方面的性别差异不太明显。虽然男性往往比女性报告更多的制度性歧视，但中东群体情况相反：中东女性报告的制度性歧视领域更多，在求职方面受到的歧视也比男性同行更多。在环境微侵犯方面存在显著的种族/族裔×性别交互作用效应：白人男性报告的环境微侵犯比白人女性更多，但在总体样本中未发现性别差异。
据我们所知，本研究首次评估了性别和族裔对一个多样化样本（包括中东血统个体）中所经历的微侵犯类型的交互作用。作者强调了少数族裔本科生所经历的歧视事件范围，即使是在一所服务少数族裔的机构中。
