Jindal Ritika, Gupta Mohit, Khan Fauzia R, Chaudhry Gunjan
Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Kalpana Chawla Government Medical College, Karnal, Haryana, India.
Department of Paediatrics, N C Medical College and Hospital, Israna, Panipat, Haryana, India.
Indian J Anaesth. 2022 Jun;66(6):399-418. doi: 10.4103/ija.ija_845_21. Epub 2022 Jun 21.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) has spread to every corner of the world and has led to significant health consequences, especially in patients with co morbidities. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of co morbidities among COVID 19 patients in the Indian population and their association with mortality.
PubMed, Google Scholar, and World Health Organization website were searched for Indian studies on COVID 19 published from February 2020 up to 20 May 2021. English language publications from India, studies reporting epidemiological characteristics, prevalence of co morbidities and in hospital mortality were included in the meta analysis.
34 studies were identified with a total of 23,034 patients. The pooled prevalence for co morbidities in COVID 19 patients was 18.1% [95% confidence interval (CI), 13.3 to 24.3%] for hypertension, 17.7% (95% CI, 12.2 to 25.1%) for diabetes, 7.9% (95% CI, 4.6 to 13.4%) for hypothyroidism and 7.7%(95% CI, 4.8 to 12. 1%) for cardiovascular diseases. For chronic kidney disease (CKD), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cerebrovascular diseases, asthma, chronic liver disease, tuberculosis and cancer, the pooled prevalence was less than 4%. Additionally, the mortality risk was increased significantly in patients with CKD [odds ratio (OR) = 4.1], COPD (OR = 3.9), diabetes (OR = 3.7), cardiovascular diseases (OR = 4.07), tuberculosis (OR = 6.11), chronic liver disease (OR = 8.5), malignancy (OR = 1.89) and hypertension (OR = 2.9). Cerebrovascular diseases, hypothyroidism and asthma were not associated with increased mortality.
Co-morbidities are more prevalent in COVID 19 hospitalised patients and the presence of co morbidities is associated with increased risk of mortality in Indian COVID 19 patients.
2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）已蔓延至世界各个角落，并导致了严重的健康后果，尤其是在患有合并症的患者中。本研究旨在评估印度人群中COVID-19患者合并症的患病率及其与死亡率的关联。
在PubMed、谷歌学术和世界卫生组织网站上搜索2020年2月至2021年5月20日发表的关于印度COVID-19的研究。纳入印度的英文出版物、报告流行病学特征、合并症患病率和住院死亡率的研究进行荟萃分析。
共纳入34项研究，涉及23,034名患者。COVID-19患者中合并症的合并患病率分别为：高血压18.1%[95%置信区间（CI），13.3%至24.3%]，糖尿病17.7%（95%CI，12.2%至25.1%），甲状腺功能减退症7.9%（95%CI，4.6%至13.4%），心血管疾病7.7%（95%CI，4.8%至12.1%）。慢性肾脏病（CKD）、慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）、脑血管疾病、哮喘、慢性肝病、结核病和癌症的合并患病率低于4%。此外，CKD患者（比值比（OR）=4.1）、COPD患者（OR = 3.9）、糖尿病患者（OR = 3.7）、心血管疾病患者（OR = 4.07）、结核病患者（OR = 6.11）、慢性肝病患者（OR = 8.5）、恶性肿瘤患者（OR = 1.89）和高血压患者（OR = 2.9）的死亡风险显著增加。脑血管疾病、甲状腺功能减退症和哮喘与死亡率增加无关。
合并症在COVID-19住院患者中更为普遍，合并症的存在与印度COVID-19患者的死亡风险增加有关。
