2021年埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴黑狮医院急诊科收治患者中与道路交通事故相关的骨科损伤模式
Pattern of Orthopedic Injuries Related to Road Traffic Accidents Among Patients Managed at the Emergency Department in Black Lion Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021.
作者信息
Bezabih Yetnayet, Tesfaye Birhanu, Melaku Birhanu, Asmare Hailu
机构信息
Department of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, Saint Peter Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Open Access Emerg Med. 2022 Jul 21;14:347-354. doi: 10.2147/OAEM.S368324. eCollection 2022.
BACKGROUND
Studies showed that each year people lose their life on the road and many people are disabled. The majority of this disability was caused by orthopedic injury related to road traffic accidents. However, in the context of Ethiopia, studies ascribed to orthopedic injuries related to road traffic accidents are limited. The study aimed to assess the pattern of orthopedic injuries related to road traffic accidents among patients managed at the emergency department of Black Lion Hospital.
METHODS
An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 354 victims of road traffic accidents with orthopedic injuries who were visiting the Emergency department of Black Lion Hospital. Patient charts were selected by systematic random sampling technique and the data was entered into Epi-data version 4.4.2.2 and exported to the static package for social science window version 26, and descriptive statistics were used for analysis.
RESULTS
The study reveals that males were mostly injured persons (71.7%) with the age group of 13-24 were the most injured. Passenger car accounts 36.3% of causes of injury followed by motorbikes (27.4%) and lower limbs were the most common anatomic site of injuries (47.9). Of all injury types, a fracture is the most common one with 71.1%, especially lower limb fracture (42.1%). More than half victims (59.5%) had open wounds, and almost half of the study subjects (51.8%) experience Road traffic accidents while they are crossing or walking along the way.
CONCLUSION
Orthopedic injuries related to road traffic accidents are the main cause of death and disability in many individuals, especially in reproductive age groups. Therefore, policy-makers should be aware of different patterns of orthopedic injuries associated with a victim of road traffic accidents to have an appropriate and sustainable capacity to manage the orthopedic injuries.
背景
研究表明，每年都有人死于道路交通事故，还有许多人致残。这种残疾大多是由与道路交通事故相关的骨科损伤所致。然而，在埃塞俄比亚，关于与道路交通事故相关的骨科损伤的研究有限。本研究旨在评估在黑狮医院急诊科接受治疗的道路交通事故患者中与道路交通事故相关的骨科损伤模式。
方法
对354名因道路交通事故导致骨科损伤并前往黑狮医院急诊科就诊的受害者进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究。通过系统随机抽样技术选取患者病历，并将数据录入Epi - data 4.4.2.2版本，然后导出到社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）26.0版本，采用描述性统计进行分析。
结果
研究显示，男性是主要的受伤群体（占71.7%），年龄在13 - 24岁的人群受伤最多。乘用车导致的受伤占36.3%，其次是摩托车（占27.4%），下肢是最常见的受伤解剖部位（占47.9%）。在所有损伤类型中，骨折最为常见，占71.1%，尤其是下肢骨折（占42.1%）。超过一半的受害者（占59.5%）有开放性伤口，近一半的研究对象（占51.8%）在过马路或沿路边行走时遭遇道路交通事故。
结论
与道路交通事故相关的骨科损伤是许多人，尤其是育龄人群死亡和残疾的主要原因。因此，政策制定者应了解与道路交通事故受害者相关的不同骨科损伤模式，以便具备适当且可持续的能力来处理骨科损伤。
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