Andela Niels, Morton Douglas C, Schroeder Wilfrid, Chen Yang, Brando Paulo M, Randerson James T
School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
BeZero Carbon, London, UK.
Sci Adv. 2022 Jul 29;8(30):eabd2713. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abd2713.
Exceptional fire activity in 2019 sparked concern about Amazon forest conservation. However, the inability to rapidly separate satellite fire detections by fire type hampered fire suppression and assessment of ecosystem and air quality impacts. Here, we describe the development of a near-real-time approach for tracking contributions from deforestation, forest, agricultural, and savanna fires to burned area and emissions and apply the approach to the 2019 fire season in South America. Across the southern Amazon, 19,700 deforestation fire events accounted for 39% of all satellite active fire detections and the majority of fire carbon emissions (63%; 69 Tg C). Multiday fires accounted for 81% of burned area and 92% of carbon emissions from the Amazon, with many forest fires burning uncontrolled for weeks. Most fire detections from deforestation fires were correctly identified within 2 days (67%), highlighting the potential to improve situational awareness and management outcomes during fire emergencies.
2019年异常活跃的火灾引发了人们对亚马逊森林保护的担忧。然而，无法迅速按火灾类型区分卫星探测到的火灾，这阻碍了灭火行动以及对生态系统和空气质量影响的评估。在此，我们描述了一种近实时方法的开发，该方法用于追踪森林砍伐、森林、农业和稀树草原火灾对燃烧面积和排放的贡献，并将该方法应用于2019年南美洲的火灾季节。在亚马逊南部地区，19700起森林砍伐火灾事件占所有卫星监测到的活跃火灾的39%，且占火灾碳排放的大部分（63%；69太克碳）。持续多日的火灾占亚马逊地区燃烧面积的81%和碳排放的92%，许多森林火灾连续数周不受控制地燃烧。大多数森林砍伐火灾探测在两天内被正确识别（67%），这凸显了在火灾紧急情况期间提高态势感知和管理成效的潜力。
