Rosen Heather E, Bari Imran, Paichadze Nino, Peden Margaret, Khayesi Meleckidzedeck, Monclús Jesús, Hyder Adnan A
Center on Commercial Determinants of Health and Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States of America.
Center on Commercial Determinants of Health and Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States of America.
Injury. 2025 Jun;56(6):110266. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2022.07.030. Epub 2022 Jul 20.
Road traffic injuries (RTIs) pose a significant health burden with 1.35 million individuals dying on the world's roads annually. Nearly a decade ago, based on agreed road safety indicators, global commitments were encouraged to dramatically reduce this burden as part of the United Nation's Decade of Action for Road Safety 2011-2020.
The analysis was based on global level data from three Global Status Reports on Road Safety published by the World Health Organization in 2013, 2015, and 2018. A total of 161 countries that consistently reported statistics for all three reports were included in the analysis. Descriptive analyses, t-test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, and Spearman's rank correlation were performed to evaluate past and current trends in road traffic deaths and countries' progress in achieving key road safety indicators.
We found no significant decline in global road traffic death rates from 2010 to 2016 and in fact, death rates increased in low-income countries (LICs) and the African Region. Death rates were highly dependent on income level of the country, with deaths higher in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) when compared to high-income countries (HICs). We found that the strength of enforcement of speed laws and child restraint laws increased from 2011 to 2017. However, we did not find a correlation between enforcement of the five key prevention policies (speeding, drink-driving, seatbelts, helmets, and child restraints) and death rate. In terms of advancement in achieving key road safety indicators, there was slow progress in adopting most of the recommended policies and practices based on the five pillars (road safety management, safer roads and mobility, safer vehicles, safer road users, and post-crash response).
Despite global efforts during the past decade, road traffic deaths remain disproportionally high in LMICs and African countries as shown by global reports, and progress in achieving global road safety indicators is slow. Countries need to greatly accelerate the implementation of interventions proven to reduce RTIs in order to meet the goals of the second Decade of Action for Road Safety.
道路交通事故（RTIs）造成了巨大的健康负担，每年有135万人死于全球道路上。近十年前，基于商定的道路安全指标，鼓励全球做出承诺，大幅减轻这一负担，作为联合国2011 - 2020年道路安全行动十年的一部分。
该分析基于世界卫生组织在2013年、2015年和2018年发布的三份全球道路安全状况报告中的全球层面数据。分析纳入了总共161个持续报告这三份报告统计数据的国家。进行了描述性分析、t检验、Wilcoxon秩和检验以及Spearman秩相关分析，以评估过去和当前道路交通死亡趋势以及各国在实现关键道路安全指标方面的进展。
我们发现2010年至2016年全球道路交通死亡率没有显著下降，事实上，低收入国家（LICs）和非洲地区的死亡率有所上升。死亡率高度依赖于国家的收入水平，与高收入国家（HICs）相比，低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs）的死亡人数更多。我们发现，2011年至2017年期间，速度法和儿童约束法的执法力度有所增强。然而，我们没有发现五项关键预防政策（超速、酒后驾车、安全带、头盔和儿童约束）的执法与死亡率之间存在相关性。在实现关键道路安全指标方面，基于五个支柱（道路安全管理、更安全的道路和出行、更安全的车辆、更安全的道路使用者以及碰撞后应对）采用大多数推荐政策和做法的进展缓慢。
尽管过去十年全球做出了努力，但全球报告显示，低收入和中等收入国家以及非洲国家的道路交通死亡人数仍然过高，实现全球道路安全指标的进展缓慢。各国需要大力加快实施已证明可减少道路交通事故的干预措施，以实现道路安全行动第二个十年的目标。
