Danaeifar Morteza, Arshi Maliheh, Moghanibashi-Mansourieh Amir
Department of Social Work, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Social Work, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Email:
J Inj Violence Res. 2022 Jul 30;14(3):225-36. doi: 10.5249/jivr.v14i3.1754.
Child sexual abuse is a widespread global problem and a violation of human rights. Although many studies have been conducted in this field in the world, the information and knowledge of child sexual abuse in Iran is still limited. This study aims to review the current knowledge in the area of child sexual abuse in Iran, and the related laws.
The research systematic review covers the scientific literature and gray literature in Persian and English in Iranian and international databases from the beginning to June 2021 as well as Iranian laws on child protection.
Our study shows that in Iran knowledge on child sexual abuse is limited. The prevalence of child sexual abuse is estimated to be 1.5 to 32.5%; the risk factors for child sexual abuse encompass substance abuse, low literacy and education, parents living separately and divorce, poverty and poor socioeconomic status, and living in large families. The consequences of child sexual abuse are anxiety, depression, and social problems. Effective local interventions focused on parents and abused children have been conducted to raise awareness and prevent psychosocial harms as well as reduce aggression and physical and mental problems of children. Existing laws do not specifically address child sexual abuse.
The findings showed that knowledge of child sexual abuse in Iran is limited, scattered and inconsistent and there is no suitable definition and tool for measuring child abuse in Iranian studies. National and effective interventions for the prevention of child sexual abuse have not been performed and the consequences of child sexual abuse have also not been well studied. Thus further studies are required to estimate the prevalence of child sexual abuse at the national level and to assess the factors related to child abuse, its consequences, prevention methods and development of existing laws and policies with a special focus on child sexual abuse.
儿童性虐待是一个全球性的普遍问题，也是对人权的侵犯。尽管世界上在这一领域已经开展了许多研究，但伊朗关于儿童性虐待的信息和知识仍然有限。本研究旨在综述伊朗儿童性虐待领域的现有知识以及相关法律。
该研究系统综述涵盖了伊朗和国际数据库中从开始到2021年6月的波斯语和英语科学文献及灰色文献，以及伊朗的儿童保护法律。
我们的研究表明，在伊朗，关于儿童性虐待的知识有限。儿童性虐待的患病率估计为1.5%至32.5%；儿童性虐待的风险因素包括药物滥用、低识字率和教育水平、父母分居和离婚、贫困和社会经济地位低下，以及生活在大家庭中。儿童性虐待的后果包括焦虑、抑郁和社会问题。已经开展了以父母和受虐儿童为重点的有效本地干预措施，以提高认识、预防心理社会伤害，并减少儿童的攻击性以及身心问题。现有法律并未专门针对儿童性虐待问题。
研究结果表明，伊朗对儿童性虐待的认识有限、分散且不一致，在伊朗的研究中没有合适的定义和测量儿童虐待的工具。尚未实施全国性的有效预防儿童性虐待干预措施，对儿童性虐待的后果也没有进行充分研究。因此，需要进一步开展研究，以估计全国范围内儿童性虐待的患病率，并评估与儿童虐待相关的因素、其后果、预防方法以及现有法律和政策的完善，特别关注儿童性虐待问题。
