Jorge Villalobos-Madriz, Esteban Zavaleta-Monestel, Bruno Serrano-Arias, Yeralin Hernández-Fallas, Pablo Diaz-Madriz Jose
Department of Pharmacy Services, Hospital Clínica Bíblica, San José 10104, Costa Rica.
School of Pharmacy, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas, San José 10108, Costa Rica.
Explor Res Clin Soc Pharm. 2022 Sep;7:100161. doi: 10.1016/j.rcsop.2022.100161. Epub 2022 Jul 26.
Given the global uncertainty faced due to the Covid-19 pandemic, health services were forced to adjust inventory management and purchase projections. This publication aims to describe the strategies taken and their impact on the supply chain indicators by the pharmacy service in the management of drug purchases during the pandemic to expose the importance of pharmacist in charge of the supply chain.
This observational study describes the drug purchasing system in a general hospital and the strategies used to manage drug supply. The actions proposed by the pharmacy department are listed chronologically related to inventory issues and purchasing decisions. The accuracy of the purchase forecast was evaluated by calculating indicators such as the mean absolute standard deviation (MAD) and the variance of the forecast error (MSE). Inventory days and inventory turnover indicators were also compared in pre-pandemic and pre-pandemic periods.
In general, the forecast error given by MAD and MSE tended to decrease. Specifically, from the 82 drug categories, during the pandemic period, this indicator decreased in 72 (88%), increased in 9 (11%), and remained the same in only 1 (1%) of the categories. In financial terms, comparing the 2018-2019 and 2020-2021 periods, a favorable result was obtained when evaluating the inventory turnover indicators, which decreased by 0.01 points and the days of inventory increased on average by two days.
The implementation and use of these indicators prevented drug shortages, reducing inventory forecast errors. A pharmacist with knowledge in inventory management allows managing a process of continuous improvement and tactics for efficient inventory management without neglecting the benefit to patients or the economic profitability of the service. There were limitations since digital operating systems do not generate centralized or organized data for this type of analysis.
鉴于新冠疫情带来的全球不确定性，医疗卫生服务机构被迫调整库存管理和采购预测。本出版物旨在描述在疫情期间药房服务部门在药品采购管理中采取的策略及其对供应链指标的影响，以揭示负责供应链的药剂师的重要性。
本观察性研究描述了一家综合医院的药品采购系统以及用于管理药品供应的策略。药房部门提出的行动按时间顺序列出，与库存问题和采购决策相关。通过计算平均绝对标准差（MAD）和预测误差方差（MSE）等指标来评估采购预测的准确性。还比较了疫情前和疫情期间的库存天数和库存周转率指标。
总体而言，MAD和MSE给出的预测误差趋于下降。具体来说，在82个药品类别中，在疫情期间，该指标在72个类别（88%）中下降，在9个类别（11%）中上升，仅在1个类别（1%）中保持不变。从财务角度来看，比较2018 - 2019年和2020 - 2021年期间，评估库存周转率指标时得到了有利结果，该指标下降了0.01个百分点，库存天数平均增加了两天。
这些指标的实施和使用防止了药品短缺，减少了库存预测误差。具备库存管理知识的药剂师能够管理持续改进的过程和高效库存管理的策略，同时不忽视对患者的益处或服务的经济盈利能力。由于数字操作系统没有为此类分析生成集中或有组织的数据，所以存在局限性。
