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维生素 C 通过激活 AMPK/Nrf2/HMOX1 通路使胰腺癌细胞对 Erastin 诱导的铁死亡敏感。

Vitamin C Sensitizes Pancreatic Cancer Cells to Erastin-Induced Ferroptosis by Activating the AMPK/Nrf2/HMOX1 Pathway.

机构信息

Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China 212001.

Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China 100853.

出版信息

Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2022 Jul 19;2022:5361241. doi: 10.1155/2022/5361241. eCollection 2022.

Abstract

Ferroptosis is a type of regulated cell death that displays a promising therapeutic pathway for drug-resistant tumor cells. However, some pancreatic cancer (PC) cells are less sensitive to erastin-induced ferroptosis, and normal pancreatic cells are susceptible to this newly discovered cell death. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find drugs to enhance the sensitivity of these PC cells to erastin while limiting side effects. Here, we found that the oxidized form of vitamin C-dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) can be transported into PC cells expressing high levels of GLUT1, resulting in ferroptosis. Moreover, pharmacological vitamin C combined with erastin can synergistically induce ferroptosis of PC cells involving glutathione (GSH) reduction and ferrous iron accumulation while inhibiting the cytotoxicity of normal cells. Mechanistically, as a direct system Xc inhibitor, erastin can directly suppress the synthesis of GSH, and the recycling of vitamin C and DHA is performed through GSH consumption, which is denoted as the classical mode. Furthermore, oxidative stress induced by erastin and vitamin C could enhance the expression of HMOX1 via the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) pathway to increase the labile iron level, which is named the nonclassical mode. In vivo experiments showed that erastin and vitamin C can significantly slow tumor growth in PC xenografts. In summary, the combination of erastin and vitamin C exerts a synergistic effect of classical and nonclassical modes to induce ferroptosis in PC cells, which may provide a promising therapeutic strategy for PC.

摘要

铁死亡是一种受调控的细胞死亡方式,为耐药肿瘤细胞的治疗提供了有前景的途径。然而,一些胰腺癌(PC)细胞对 erastin 诱导的铁死亡的敏感性较低,而正常胰腺细胞则容易受到这种新发现的细胞死亡的影响。因此,迫切需要寻找能够增强这些 PC 细胞对 erastin 敏感性而又限制副作用的药物。在这里,我们发现维生素 C 的氧化形式-脱氢抗坏血酸(DHA)可以被表达高水平 GLUT1 的 PC 细胞摄取,从而导致铁死亡。此外,药理学维生素 C 与 erastin 联合使用可以协同诱导涉及谷胱甘肽(GSH)减少和亚铁积累的 PC 细胞铁死亡,同时抑制正常细胞的细胞毒性。在机制上,作为直接的系统 Xc 抑制剂,erastin 可以直接抑制 GSH 的合成,而维生素 C 和 DHA 的循环则通过 GSH 的消耗来进行,这被称为经典模式。此外,erastin 和维生素 C 诱导的氧化应激可以通过 AMP 激活的蛋白激酶(AMPK)/核因子红细胞 2 相关因子 2(NRF2)通路增强 HMOX1 的表达,从而增加不稳定铁水平,这被称为非经典模式。体内实验表明,erastin 和维生素 C 可以显著减缓 PC 异种移植瘤的生长。总之,erastin 和维生素 C 的联合作用通过经典和非经典模式发挥协同作用,诱导 PC 细胞发生铁死亡,这可能为 PC 提供一种有前途的治疗策略。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ae5c/9338737/52d276dd8d85/OMCL2022-5361241.001.jpg

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