Tan Anthony T, Bertoletti Antonio
Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.
Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science and Technology (A∗STAR), Singapore.
Immunother Adv. 2021 Dec 24;2(1):ltab026. doi: 10.1093/immadv/ltab026. eCollection 2022.
Hepatocellular carcinoma is a significant global health challenge with steadily increasing incidence in the East Asia region. While both Hepatitis C and B virus infections account for the majority of HCC cases, the advent of potent antivirals against HCV infection has biased the aetiology towards chronic HBV infection that at the moment remains without an effective cure. For this reason, HBV-HCC remains a persistent global problem. Treatment options for intermediate to advanced stages of HBV-HCC remain limited, hence novel therapeutic strategies are required to fulfil this medical need. Following the considerable success of adoptive T-cell immunotherapy against B-cell malignancies, it is conceivable to envision whether the same could be achieved against HBV-HCC. In this review, we describe the development of T-cell therapy strategies for HBV-HCC and discuss the safety and the efficacy of the strategies in terms of the direct killing of tumour cells and the other alterations possibly induced by the action of the T cells.
肝细胞癌是一项重大的全球健康挑战，在东亚地区其发病率呈稳步上升趋势。虽然丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）和乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染是大多数肝细胞癌病例的病因，但针对HCV感染的强效抗病毒药物的出现，使病因偏向于慢性HBV感染，而目前慢性HBV感染仍无有效治愈方法。因此，HBV相关肝细胞癌仍然是一个持续存在的全球性问题。HBV相关肝细胞癌中晚期的治疗选择仍然有限，因此需要新的治疗策略来满足这一医疗需求。继针对B细胞恶性肿瘤的过继性T细胞免疫疗法取得相当大的成功之后，可以设想对HBV相关肝细胞癌是否也能取得同样的效果。在这篇综述中，我们描述了针对HBV相关肝细胞癌的T细胞治疗策略的发展，并从直接杀伤肿瘤细胞以及T细胞作用可能引起的其他改变方面，讨论了这些策略的安全性和有效性。
