Ateeq Hira, Zia Afaf, Husain Qayyum, Bey Afshan
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India.
Dr Ziauddin Ahmad Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India.
J Adv Periodontol Implant Dent. 2021 Jun 9;13(1):28-34. doi: 10.34172/japid.2021.008. eCollection 2021.
This cross-sectional study investigated the bone mineral density (BMD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects with or without chronic periodontitis (CP).
A total of 120 subjects aged 35‒55, divided equally into four groups: i) T2DM with CP, ii) T2DM without CP, iii) CP alone, and iv) healthy patients, were included in this study. Clinical parameters like plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and probing pocket depth (PPD) were recorded. All the participants were evaluated for blood sugar levels using glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and BMD by Hologic dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan. The association of BMD with clinical periodontal parameters and HbA1c in all groups was investigated using linear correlation analysis (r).
The mean value of BMD (0.9020±0.0952 g/cm2) was lower in subjects with both T2DM and CP compared to T2DM and CP alone. BMD was weakly correlated with all the clinical periodontal parameters; a positive correlation was observed between BMD and GI in the T2DM and CP group (r=0.405, =0.026) and the CP group (r=0.324, =0.081). A weak positive correlation was observed in BMD and HbA1c in the T2DM group (r=0.261, =0.13), T2DM and CP group (r=0.007, =0.970), with a negative correlation to HbA1c in the CP group (r= -0.134, =0.479).
Diabetes mellitus impacts clinical periodontal status and bone mass, and the effect is accentuated when chronic periodontitis is present. Based on the present study, BMD is associated with T2DM and CP, but a weak correlation was observed between BMD and HbA1c and clinical periodontal parameters.
这项横断面研究调查了患有或未患有慢性牙周炎（CP）的2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者的骨密度（BMD）。
总共120名年龄在35至55岁之间的受试者，平均分为四组：i）患有CP的T2DM患者，ii）未患有CP的T2DM患者，iii）仅患有CP的患者，以及iv）健康患者，纳入本研究。记录菌斑指数（PI）、牙龈指数（GI）和探诊深度（PPD）等临床参数。所有参与者均使用糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）评估血糖水平，并通过Hologic双能X线吸收法（DEXA）扫描评估骨密度。使用线性相关分析（r）研究所有组中骨密度与临床牙周参数和HbA1c之间的关联。
与仅患有T2DM和CP的患者相比，同时患有T2DM和CP的患者的骨密度平均值（0.9020±0.0952 g/cm²）较低。骨密度与所有临床牙周参数呈弱相关；在患有T2DM和CP的组（r = 0.405，P = 0.026）和CP组（r = 0.324，P = 0.081）中，骨密度与牙龈指数呈正相关。在T2DM组（r = 0.261，P = 0.13）、患有T2DM和CP的组（r = 0.007，P = 0.970）中，骨密度与HbA1c呈弱正相关，而在CP组中与HbA1c呈负相关（r = -0.134，P = 0.479）。
糖尿病会影响临床牙周状况和骨量，当存在慢性牙周炎时，这种影响会加剧。基于本研究，骨密度与T2DM和CP相关，但骨密度与HbA1c和临床牙周参数之间的相关性较弱。
