Department of Plant Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, U.S.A.
Essays Biochem. 2022 Sep 30;66(5):673-681. doi: 10.1042/EBC20210098.
Systemic acquired resistance (SAR), a type of long-distance immunity in plants, provides long-lasting resistance to a broad spectrum of pathogens. SAR is thought to involve the rapid generation and systemic transport of a mobile signal that prepares systemic parts of the plant to better resist future infections. Exploration of the molecular mechanisms underlying SAR have identified multiple mobile regulators of SAR in the last few decades. Examination of the relationship among several of these seemingly unrelated molecules depicts a forked pathway comprising at least two branches of equal importance to SAR. One branch is regulated by the plant hormone salicylic acid (SA), and the other culminates (based on current knowledge) with the phosphorylated sugar derivative, glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P). This review summarizes the activities that contribute to pathogen-responsive generation of SA and G3P and the components that regulate their systemic transport during SAR.
系统获得性抗性 (SAR) 是植物中的一种远距离免疫，可对广谱病原体提供持久的抗性。SAR 被认为涉及快速产生和系统运输一种可移动的信号，该信号使植物的全身部分能够更好地抵抗未来的感染。在过去几十年中，对 SAR 所涉及的分子机制进行了探索，发现了多种移动的 SAR 调节剂。对这些看似不相关的分子之间的关系进行研究表明，分叉途径包含至少两个同等重要的 SAR 分支。一个分支受植物激素水杨酸 (SA) 的调节，另一个分支（基于当前的知识）以磷酸化糖衍生物甘油-3-磷酸 (G3P) 为终点。本综述总结了参与病原反应性产生 SA 和 G3P 的活动，以及在 SAR 期间调节它们的全身运输的成分。
