Department of Political, Historical and Cultural Studies, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden.
Centre for Societal Risk Research, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden.
Inj Prev. 2022 Dec;28(6):539-544. doi: 10.1136/ip-2022-044681. Epub 2022 Aug 3.
Ice cleats may help prevent ice-related falls in places with icy roads, but there is limited evidence about the association between ice cleat distribution and ice cleat use. Our study examined the association between Swedish municipal distribution programmes and ice cleat use among older adults (65+ years).
We combined data on municipal ice cleat distribution programmes (n=63) with repeated cross-sectional self-reports of ice cleat use in Sweden from 2007, 2010, 2014 and 2018. Respondents (n=63 234) were classified as exposed if they lived in a municipality with a programme, belonged to an eligible age group and responded after distribution (n=2507). Dose-response was assessed using distributed ice cleat pairs per capita (mean: 0.38). Linear probability models were used to estimate probability differences in ice cleat use between exposed and unexposed respondents, adjusting for age, sex, country of birth, education, survey wave and municipality. Ineligible age groups living in programme municipalities, who should be unaffected by ice cleat distribution, were used for bias assessment.
Exposure to ice cleat distribution programmes was associated with 7.5 percentage points (95% CI 4.2 to 10.9) higher self-reported ice cleat use after confounding adjustment. The association was larger in municipalities that distributed one pair of ice cleats per capita (17.3 percentage points (95% CI 11.2 to 23.4)). No association was found among the ineligible age groups (-2.3 (95% CI -5.5 to 1.0)).
Distributing ice cleats to older adults may help increase their use of ice cleats in settings with icy road conditions.
在道路结冰的地方，冰爪可以帮助预防与冰有关的跌倒，但关于冰爪分布与冰爪使用之间的关联，证据有限。我们的研究调查了瑞典市政分布计划与 65 岁以上老年人使用冰爪之间的关联。
我们将市政冰爪分配计划的数据（n=63）与瑞典 2007、2010、2014 和 2018 年反复进行的冰爪使用情况的横断面自我报告相结合。如果他们居住在有计划的城市中、属于符合条件的年龄组且在分配后（n=2507）做出了回应，则将受访者（n=63234）视为暴露者。使用人均分配的冰爪对数（均值：0.38）评估剂量反应。使用线性概率模型，根据年龄、性别、出生国、教育程度、调查波次和城市，调整暴露和未暴露受访者之间使用冰爪的概率差异。用于偏倚评估的无资格年龄组居住在计划城市中，不应该受到冰爪分布的影响。
暴露于冰爪分配计划与报告的冰爪使用增加了 7.5%（95%置信区间 4.2%至 10.9%），在人均分配一对冰爪的城市中，该关联更大（17.3%（95%置信区间 11.2%至 23.4%））。在无资格年龄组中未发现关联（-2.3（95%置信区间 -5.5 至 1.0））。
向老年人分配冰爪可能有助于在道路结冰的环境中增加他们对冰爪的使用。
