School of Veterinary Medicine, Ceará State University (UECE), Fortaleza, Brazil.
Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil.
Reprod Domest Anim. 2022 Dec;57(12):1481-1492. doi: 10.1111/rda.14224. Epub 2022 Aug 10.
The objective of this study was to determine whether a high-fat diet (HFD) fed to goats for a brief period during peri-conception would optimize reproductive and foetal responses. Thirty-four Anglo-Nubian crossbred adult goats were allocated into three groups: control (n = 11), fed with a total mixed ration (TMR) based on chopped elephant grass and concentrate; HFBM (n = 11), given TMR supplemented with soybean oil on a 0.5% dry matter basis for 11 days starting nine days before mating (BM); and HFAM (n = 12), fed with soybean oil included in the TMR for 15 days after mating (AM). The TMR diets differed in their fat content (7.5% vs. 2.9%). All goats had oestrus synchronized for 14 days BM by intravaginal administration of 60 mg MPA sponge for 12 days. Forty-eight hours BM, the sponge was removed and 0.075 mg PGF2α was applied intramuscularly. After 36 h, 1 ml GnRH was administered intramuscularly, and goats were mated after sponge removal. The fat groups showed lower feed intake (p < .001) and higher cholesterol levels (p < .001) when HFD was administered. Doppler and B-mode ultrasound evaluations revealed a greater (p < .05) number of small (<3 mm, 10 ± 0.6 vs. 8 ± 0.5) and large (≥3 mm, 6 ± 0.4 vs. 5.0 ± 0.2) follicles and intraovarian blood area (p < .05) in the HFBM group during sponge removal (57.6%) and mating (24.2%) than those of the no-fat group. During AM, the fat-fed groups exhibited higher glutathione peroxidase levels (p < .05) and a reduction (p < .001) in corpus luteum size (19%) and vascularized Doppler area (41%). No difference (p > .05) between groups was found in foetal traits, placentome and umbilical vascular development, except for the embryonic vesicle where HFAM twin pregnancy showed a smaller size than the control (26.1 ± 3.5 cm vs. 33.7 ± 2.7 cm; p < .01). Thus, HFD applied during peri-conception of goats has no impact on later foetal development but improved the follicular growth when given before the mating. Thus, the use of HFD in periconception has no impact on foetal development but increases follicular growth before breeding time.
本研究旨在确定在受孕前期短暂给予高脂肪饮食（HFD）是否会优化山羊的生殖和胎儿反应。将 34 只盎格鲁努比亚杂交成年山羊分为三组：对照组（n=11），喂食基于切碎的象草和浓缩物的全混合日粮（TMR）；HFBM 组（n=11），在配种前 9 天开始，在 TMR 中添加 0.5%干物质基础的大豆油；HFAM 组（n=12），在配种后 15 天喂食包含大豆油的 TMR。TMR 日粮的脂肪含量不同（7.5%比 2.9%）。所有山羊均通过阴道内给予 60mg MPA 海绵 12 天来同步发情 14 天 BM。BM 后 48 小时，取出海绵并肌肉内注射 0.075mg PGF2α。36 小时后，肌肉内注射 1ml GnRH，海绵取出后进行配种。当给予高脂肪饮食时，高脂肪组的采食量较低（p<.001），胆固醇水平较高（p<.001）。多普勒和 B 型超声评估显示，HFBM 组在海绵去除（57.6%）和配种（24.2%）期间，小卵泡（<3mm，10±0.6 比 8±0.5）和大卵泡（≥3mm，6±0.4 比 5.0±0.2）和卵巢内血液面积（p<.05）的数量更多。在 AM 期间，高脂肪组的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶水平较高（p<.05），黄体大小（19%）和血管化多普勒面积（41%）减少（p<.001）。除胚胎囊外，各组胎儿特征、胎盘和脐带血管发育无差异（p>.05），HFAM 双胞胎妊娠的胚胎囊较小，对照组（26.1±3.5cm 比 33.7±2.7cm；p<.01）。因此，在山羊受孕前期给予高脂肪饮食对后期胎儿发育没有影响，但在配种前给予时可以改善卵泡生长。因此，在受孕前期使用高脂肪饮食不会影响胎儿发育，但会增加配种前的卵泡生长。
