Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) 81310-020, Curitiba, Brazil.
Mini Rev Med Chem. 2023;23(4):480-496. doi: 10.2174/1389557522666220802144057.
Molecular biology is a widely used and widespread technique in research and as a laboratory diagnostic tool, aiming to investigate targets of interest from the obtainment, identification, and analysis of genetic material. In this context, methods, such as Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), real-time PCR, loopmediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), and loop-mediated isothermal amplification with reverse transcription (RT-LAMP), can be cited. Such methods use enzymes, buffers, and thermosensitive reagents, which require specific storage conditions. In an attempt to solve this problem, the lyophilization procedure (dehydration process by sublimation) can be applied, aiming to preserve and prolong the useful life of the reaction components in cases of temperature variation. In this review, we present a synthesis of the lyophilization process, describing the events of each step of the procedure and providing general information about the technique. Moreover, we selected lyophilization protocols found in the literature, paying attention to the conditions chosen by the authors for each step of the procedure, and structured the main data in tables, facilitating access to information for researchers who need material to produce new functional protocols.
分子生物学是一种广泛应用于研究和实验室诊断工具的技术，旨在从获取、鉴定和分析遗传物质的角度研究感兴趣的目标。在这种情况下，可以引用聚合酶链反应（PCR）、逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）、实时 PCR、环介导等温扩增（LAMP）和环介导等温扩增与逆转录（RT-LAMP）等方法。这些方法使用酶、缓冲液和热敏试剂，需要特定的储存条件。为了解决这个问题，可以应用冻干（升华脱水过程）程序，旨在在温度变化的情况下保存和延长反应成分的有效寿命。在这篇综述中，我们综合了冻干过程，描述了该程序每个步骤的事件，并提供了有关该技术的一般信息。此外，我们选择了文献中发现的冻干方案，注意到作者为该程序的每个步骤选择的条件，并将主要数据整理在表格中，便于需要材料来制作新的功能方案的研究人员获取信息。
