Benjamin Shauntelle, Parsons Melissa, Apthorp Deborah, Lykins Amy D
School of Psychology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.
Bushfire and Natural Hazards Cooperative Research Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Front Psychol. 2022 Jul 19;13:913790. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.913790. eCollection 2022.
As anthropogenic climate change progresses, there is an increasing need for individuals to make appropriate decisions regarding their approach to extreme weather events. Natural hazards are involuntary risk environments (e.g., flooded roads); interaction with them cannot be avoided (i.e., a decision must be made about how to engage). While the psychological and sociocultural predictors of engagement with voluntary risks (i.e., risk situations that are sought out) are well-documented, less is known about the factors that predict engagement with involuntary risk environments. This exploratory study assessed whether mental health (depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms), personality traits, and cultural worldviews combine to predict engagement with involuntary risk, using the situation of floodwater driving. An Australian sample (N = 235) was assessed via questionnaire and scenario measures. Results were analyzed in a binomial logistic regression assessing which individual factors predicted decision-making in a proxy floodwater driving scenario. Agreeableness and gender were individually significant predictors of floodwater driving intention, and four factors (named "affect," "progressiveness," "insightfulness," and "purposefulness") were derived from an exploratory factor analysis using the variables of interest, though only two ("progressiveness" and "insightfulness") predicted floodwater driving intention in an exploratory binomial logistic regression. The findings highlight the need for further research into the differences between voluntary and involuntary risk. The implication of cultural worldviews and personality traits in interaction with mental health indicators on risk situations is discussed.
随着人为气候变化的加剧，个人越来越需要就应对极端天气事件的方式做出恰当决策。自然灾害是不可控的风险环境（例如，道路被洪水淹没）；人们无法避免与之交互（即必须就如何应对做出决策）。虽然关于参与自愿风险（即主动寻求的风险情况）的心理和社会文化预测因素已有充分记录，但对于预测参与非自愿风险环境的因素却知之甚少。这项探索性研究以在洪水中驾车的情况为例，评估了心理健康（抑郁、焦虑和压力症状）、人格特质和文化世界观是否共同预测对非自愿风险的参与。通过问卷调查和情景测量对一个澳大利亚样本（N = 235）进行了评估。在二项逻辑回归分析中对结果进行了分析，以评估哪些个体因素预测了在模拟洪水中驾车情景下的决策。宜人性和性别分别是在洪水中驾车意愿的显著预测因素，并且通过对相关变量进行探索性因素分析得出了四个因素（命名为“情感”、“进步性”、“洞察力”和“目的性”），不过在探索性二项逻辑回归中只有两个因素（“进步性”和“洞察力”）预测了在洪水中驾车的意愿。研究结果凸显了进一步研究自愿风险和非自愿风险之间差异的必要性。讨论了文化世界观和人格特质在与心理健康指标相互作用于风险情况时的影响。
