Hafeez M B, Zahra N, Ahmad N, Shi Z, Raza A, Wang X, Li J
College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Plant Biol (Stuttg). 2023 Jan;25(1):8-23. doi: 10.1111/plb.13459. Epub 2022 Aug 23.
The Earth's geomagnetic field (GMF) is an inescapable environmental factor for plants that affects all growth and yield parameters. Both strong and weak magnetic fields (MF), as compared to the GMF, have specific roles in plant growth and development. MF technology is an eco-friendly technique that does not emit waste or generate harmful radiation, nor require any external power supply, so it can be used in sustainable modern agriculture. Thus, exposure of plants to MF is a potential affordable, reusable and safe practice for enhancing crop productivity by changing physiological and biochemical processes. However, the effect of MF on plant physiological and biochemical processes is not yet well understood. This review describes the effects of altering MF conditions (higher or lower values than the GMF) on physiological and biochemical processes of plants. The current contradictory and inconsistent outcomes from studies on varying effects of MF on plants could be related to species and/or MF exposure time and intensity. The reviewed literature suggests MF have a role in changing physiological processes, such as respiration, photosynthesis, nutrient uptake, water relations and biochemical attributes, including genes involved in ROS, antioxidants, enzymes, proteins and secondary metabolites. MF application might efficiently increase growth and yield of many crops, and as such, should be the focus for future research.
地球的地磁场（GMF）是植物无法逃避的环境因素，会影响植物的所有生长和产量参数。与地磁场相比，强磁场和弱磁场（MF）在植物生长发育中都具有特定作用。磁场技术是一种环保技术，不排放废物、不产生有害辐射，也无需任何外部电源，因此可用于可持续现代农业。因此，让植物暴露于磁场中是一种潜在的、经济实惠、可重复使用且安全的做法，通过改变生理和生化过程来提高作物生产力。然而，磁场对植物生理和生化过程的影响尚未得到充分理解。本综述描述了改变磁场条件（高于或低于地磁场的值）对植物生理和生化过程的影响。目前关于磁场对植物不同影响的研究结果相互矛盾且不一致，这可能与物种和/或磁场暴露时间及强度有关。综述文献表明，磁场在改变生理过程（如呼吸作用、光合作用、养分吸收、水分关系）以及生化特性（包括参与活性氧、抗氧化剂、酶、蛋白质和次生代谢物的基因）方面具有作用。磁场应用可能会有效提高许多作物的生长和产量，因此应成为未来研究的重点。
