Yale School of Medicine, United States.
University of Connecticut, United States.
Soc Sci Med. 2023 Jan;316:115225. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115225. Epub 2022 Jul 21.
The objective of this study was to investigate racial centrality as a mediator of the association between Black adolescents' racial discrimination experiences and their cigarette use in early adulthood.
The data were drawn from the Family and Community Health Study, which is a longitudinal study of Black American families that began in 1996. Families with a child in 5th grade who identified as Black or African American were recruited from Iowa and Georgia. At baseline, there were 838 Black American children. Hierarchical regressions and bootstrap tests of the indirect effects were used to investigate whether racial centrality at Wave 5 (mean age = 21.6 years) mediated the association between adolescent discrimination at Waves 1-4 (mean ages = 10.5-18.8 years) and adult cigarette use at wave 6 (mean age = 23.5 years).
Bivariate associations indicated racial discrimination was significantly associated positively with racial centrality and adult use of cigarettes. Racial centrality indirectly affected the association between racial discrimination and cigarette use such that greater racial centrality was associated with less cigarette use. Further, racial centrality predicted cessation among those who had smoked. Finally, racial centrality was higher among those who never smoked and those who had smoked and quit, relative to those who currently smoke.
These findings suggest that having strong Black racial centrality is a mediator that reduces the risk of cigarette use among young adults who experience racial discrimination in adolescence. In addition, racial centrality also predicts smoking cessation among young Black Americans who smoke. Translational implications of these findings are discussed.
本研究旨在探讨种族核心地位在黑人青少年种族歧视经历与成年早期吸烟之间关系中的中介作用。
数据来自家庭和社区健康研究，这是一项始于 1996 年的黑人美国家庭纵向研究。从爱荷华州和佐治亚州招募了五年级有孩子且自认为是黑人或非裔美国人的家庭。基线时有 838 名黑人美国儿童。使用层次回归和间接效应的 bootstrap 检验来研究第 5 波（平均年龄=21.6 岁）的种族核心地位是否在第 1-4 波（平均年龄=10.5-18.8 岁）的青少年歧视与第 6 波（平均年龄=23.5 岁）的成年吸烟之间的关联中起中介作用。
双变量关联表明，种族歧视与种族核心地位和成年吸烟呈显著正相关。种族核心地位间接地影响了种族歧视与吸烟之间的关联，即种族核心地位越高，吸烟量越低。此外，种族核心地位预测了那些吸烟的人的戒烟情况。最后，与目前吸烟的人相比，从不吸烟的人和那些吸烟后戒烟的人种族核心地位更高。
这些发现表明，黑人种族核心地位较强是一种中介因素，可以降低青少年时期经历种族歧视的年轻成年人吸烟的风险。此外，种族核心地位还预测了那些吸烟的年轻黑人美国人的戒烟情况。讨论了这些发现的转化意义。
