Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico.
Environ Res. 2022 Nov;214(Pt 2):113936. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113936. Epub 2022 Aug 3.
This review highlights the relevance of bioremediation techniques for the removal of emerging pollutants (EPs). The EPs are chemical or biological pollutants that are not currently monitored or regulated by environmental authorities, but which can enter the environment and cause harmful effects to the environment and human health. In recent times, an ample range of EPs have been found in water bodies, where they can unbalance ecosystems and cause negative effects on non-target species. In addition, some EPs have shown high rates of bioaccumulation in aquatic species, thus affecting the safety and quality of seafood. The negative impacts of emerging pollutants, their wide distribution in the environment, their bioaccumulation rates, and their resistance to wastewater treatment plants processes have led to research on sustainable remediation. Remediation techniques have been recently directed to advanced biological remediation technologies. Such technologies have exhibited numerous advantages like in-situ remediation, low costs, eco-friendliness, high public acceptance, and so on. Thus, the present review has compiled the most recent studies on bioremediation techniques for water decontamination from emerging pollutants to extend the current knowledge on sustainable remediation technologies. Biological emerging contaminants, agrochemicals, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, and pharmaceutical and personal care products were considered for this review study, and their removal by bioremediation techniques involving plants, bacteria, microalgae, and fungi. Finally, further research opportunities are presented based on current challenges from an economic, biological, and operation perspective.
这篇综述强调了生物修复技术对于去除新兴污染物（EPs）的相关性。新兴污染物是指目前未被环境主管部门监测或监管的化学或生物污染物，但它们可能会进入环境并对环境和人类健康造成有害影响。近年来，大量的新兴污染物在水体中被发现，它们会破坏生态系统平衡，并对非目标物种产生负面影响。此外，一些新兴污染物在水生生物中有很高的生物累积率，从而影响了海鲜的安全性和质量。新兴污染物的负面影响、它们在环境中的广泛分布、它们的生物累积率以及它们对废水处理厂处理过程的抵抗力，促使人们对可持续修复技术进行了研究。修复技术最近已转向先进的生物修复技术。这些技术具有原位修复、低成本、环保、公众接受度高等诸多优点。因此，本综述综合了最近关于生物修复技术用于去除水中新兴污染物的研究，以扩展对可持续修复技术的现有知识。本综述研究考虑了生物新兴污染物、农用化学品、内分泌干扰化学物质以及医药和个人护理产品，并探讨了利用植物、细菌、微藻和真菌等生物修复技术去除这些污染物的方法。最后，从经济、生物和操作角度出发，提出了进一步的研究机会。
