Xiong Jing, Peng Shuguang, Liu Yongjun, Yin Huaqun, Zhou Lei, Zhou Zhicheng, Tan Ge, Gu Yabing, Zhang Hetian, Huang Jingyi, Meng Delong
School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Tobacco Research Institute of Hunan Province, Changsha, China.
Front Microbiol. 2022 Jul 22;13:923405. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.923405. eCollection 2022.
Continuous cropping barriers lead to huge agriculture production losses, and fumigation and biological agents are developed to alleviate the barriers. However, there is a lack of literature on the differences between strong chemical fumigant treatment and moderate biological agent treatment. In this study, we investigated those differences and attempted to establish the links between soil properties, rhizosphere microbial community, and plant performance in both fumigation- and bioagent-treated fields. The results showed that the fumigation had a stronger effect on both soil functional microbes, i.e., ammonia oxidizers and soil-borne bacterial pathogens, and therefore, led to a significant change in soil properties, higher fertilizer efficiency, lower disease infections, and improved plant growth, compared with untreated control fields. Biological treatment caused less changes to soil properties, rhizosphere bacterial community, and plant physiology. Correlation and modeling analyses revealed that the bioagent effect was mainly direct, whereas fumigation resulted in indirect effects on alleviating cropping barriers. A possible explanation would be the reconstruction of the soil microbial community by the fumigation process, which would subsequently lead to changes in soil characteristics and plant performance, resulting in the effective alleviation of continuous cropping barriers.
连作障碍导致农业生产遭受巨大损失，人们开发了熏蒸法和生物制剂来缓解这些障碍。然而，关于强化学熏蒸剂处理和中度生物制剂处理之间差异的文献却很匮乏。在本研究中，我们调查了这些差异，并试图在熏蒸处理和生物制剂处理的田地中建立土壤性质、根际微生物群落与植物表现之间的联系。结果表明，与未处理的对照田相比，熏蒸对土壤功能微生物（即氨氧化菌和土传细菌病原体）的影响更强，因此导致土壤性质发生显著变化、肥料效率提高、病害感染减少以及植物生长改善。生物处理对土壤性质、根际细菌群落和植物生理的影响较小。相关性和模型分析表明，生物制剂的作用主要是直接的，而熏蒸对缓解连作障碍产生的是间接影响。一个可能的解释是熏蒸过程对土壤微生物群落的重建，这随后会导致土壤特性和植物表现的变化，从而有效缓解连作障碍。
