Huang Junjie, Chan Sze Chai, Ngai Chun Ho, Lok Veeleah, Zhang Lin, Lucero-Prisno Don Eliseo, Xu Wanghong, Zheng Zhi-Jie, Elcarte Edmar, Withers Mellissa, Wong Martin C S
The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Front Oncol. 2022 Jul 22;12:904292. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.904292. eCollection 2022.
Leukaemia accounted for approximately 2.5% of all new cancer incidence and 3.1% of cancer-related mortality. The investigation of its risk factors and epidemiologic trends could help describe the geographical distribution and identify high-risk population groups. This study aimed to evaluate the global incidence, mortality, associated risk factors, and temporal trends of leukaemia by sex, age, and country. We extracted incidence and mortality of leukaemia from , , , , and . We searched the data repository for the age-standardised prevalence of lifestyle and metabolic risk factors. We tested the trends by calculating Average Annual Percentage Change (AAPC) from Joinpoint regression. The age-standardized rate of incidence and mortality were 5.4 and 3.3 per 100,000 globally. The incidence and mortality of leukaemia were associated with Human Development Index, Gross Domestics Products per capita, prevalence of smoking, physical activity, overweight, obesity, and hypercholesterolaemia at the country level. Overall, more countries were showing decreasing trends than increasing trends in incidence and mortality. However, an increasing trend of leukaemia incidence was found in Germany, Korea, Japan, Canada and the United Kingdom (AAPC, 2.32-0.98) while its mortality increased in the Philippines, Ecuador, Belarus, and Thailand (AAPC, 2.49-1.23). There was a decreasing trend of leukaemia for the past decade while an increase in incidence and mortality was observed in some populations. More intensive lifestyle modifications should be implemented to control the increasing trends of leukaemia in regions with these trends. Future studies may explore the reasons behind these epidemiological transitions.
白血病约占所有新发癌症发病率的2.5%和癌症相关死亡率的3.1%。对其危险因素和流行病学趋势的调查有助于描述地理分布并确定高危人群。本研究旨在按性别、年龄和国家评估白血病的全球发病率、死亡率、相关危险因素和时间趋势。我们从[具体数据库名称1]、[具体数据库名称2]、[具体数据库名称3]、[具体数据库名称4]和[具体数据库名称5]中提取了白血病的发病率和死亡率。我们在[具体数据存储库名称]中搜索了生活方式和代谢危险因素的年龄标准化患病率。我们通过计算Joinpoint回归的平均年度百分比变化（AAPC）来检验趋势。全球年龄标准化发病率和死亡率分别为每10万人5.4例和3.3例。在国家层面，白血病的发病率和死亡率与人类发展指数、人均国内生产总值、吸烟率、身体活动、超重、肥胖和高胆固醇血症有关。总体而言，在发病率和死亡率方面，呈现下降趋势的国家多于上升趋势的国家。然而，在德国、韩国、日本、加拿大和英国发现白血病发病率呈上升趋势（AAPC，2.32 - 0.98），而在菲律宾、厄瓜多尔、白俄罗斯和泰国其死亡率上升（AAPC，2.49 - 1.23）。在过去十年中白血病呈下降趋势，但在一些人群中观察到发病率和死亡率有所上升。对于出现这些趋势的地区，应实施更严格的生活方式改变以控制白血病的上升趋势。未来的研究可以探索这些流行病学转变背后的原因。
