Department of Life Sciences, School of Environment and Life Science, Independent University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Gwanju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwanju, South Korea.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022 Jul 22;12:915701. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.915701. eCollection 2022.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurological disorder that affects normal brain development. The recent finding of the microbiota-gut-brain axis indicates the bidirectional connection between our gut and brain, demonstrating that gut microbiota can influence many neurological disorders such as autism. Most autistic patients suffer from gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. Many studies have shown that early colonization, mode of delivery, and antibiotic usage significantly affect the gut microbiome and the onset of autism. Microbial fermentation of plant-based fiber can produce different types of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) that may have a beneficial or detrimental effect on the gut and neurological development of autistic patients. Several comprehensive studies of the gut microbiome and microbiota-gut-brain axis help to understand the mechanism that leads to the onset of neurological disorders and find possible treatments for autism. This review integrates the findings of recent years on the gut microbiota and ASD association, mainly focusing on the characterization of specific microbiota that leads to ASD and addressing potential therapeutic interventions to restore a healthy balance of gut microbiome composition that can treat autism-associated symptoms.
自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是一种影响正常大脑发育的神经发育障碍。最近发现的微生物群-肠道-大脑轴表明了我们的肠道和大脑之间的双向联系，表明肠道微生物群会影响许多神经疾病，如自闭症。大多数自闭症患者都有胃肠道 (GI) 症状。许多研究表明，早期定植、分娩方式和抗生素使用会显著影响肠道微生物组和自闭症的发病。植物性纤维的微生物发酵可以产生不同类型的短链脂肪酸 (SCFA)，这些脂肪酸可能对自闭症患者的肠道和神经发育有有益或有害的影响。对肠道微生物组和微生物群-肠道-大脑轴的几项综合研究有助于了解导致神经疾病发作的机制，并找到自闭症的可能治疗方法。这篇综述综合了近年来关于肠道微生物组与 ASD 相关性的研究结果，主要集中在导致 ASD 的特定微生物组的特征上，并探讨了恢复肠道微生物组组成健康平衡的潜在治疗干预措施，这种平衡可以治疗与自闭症相关的症状。
