Common Oral Diseases and Epidemiology Research Center, Thailand; Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Thailand.
Faculty of Veterinary Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Thailand.
Arch Oral Biol. 2022 Oct;142:105513. doi: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105513. Epub 2022 Jul 22.
The aims of this study were to examine the effects of probiotic strains on the expression of cytokines and human β-defensins-2-4 in human gingival epithelial cells and to investigate the in vivo efficacy of probiotics in a dog model.
Selected probiotics, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei SD1, L. rhamnosus SD4, L. rhamnosus SD11 and Limosilactobacillus fermentum SD7, were examined for the expression of human β-defensins-2-4, and cytokine responses after stimulated by various periodontopathogens. Subsequently, an in vivo study was set as a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention in a dog model. A total of 20 dogs with mild gingivitis were randomly assigned to either the probiotic or control group. The effects of probiotics on periodontopathogenic- and cytokine levels were analyzed after 4 weeks of intervention.
It showed that all probiotics could induce human β-defensins-2-4, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α expressions in human gingival epithelial cells; however, a significant difference had been found among the strains. When individual probiotic strain was combined to periodontopathogens, a significant reduction of IL-8 expression was found. Results of the in vivo study demonstrated that the bacterial levels, especially Porphyromonas gingivalis, and the interleukin-8 levels were significantly decreased after receiving the probiotic products compared to the controls.
The results of the in vitro and in vivo studies in dogs are encouraging to support the effectiveness of a mixture of probiotic treatments for improvement of periodontal health by reducing periodontopathogens and interleukin-8 levels. Therefore, such probiotics preparation could possibly have therapeutic potential in human periodontitis.
本研究旨在探讨益生菌株对人牙龈上皮细胞细胞因子和人β防御素-2-4 表达的影响，并研究益生菌在犬模型中的体内疗效。
选择益生菌乳杆菌副干酪亚种 SD1、鼠李糖乳杆菌 SD4、鼠李糖乳杆菌 SD11 和发酵乳杆菌 SD7，检测其在受各种牙周致病菌刺激后人β防御素-2-4 的表达和细胞因子反应。随后，在犬模型中进行了一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的干预研究。共有 20 只患有轻度牙龈炎的犬被随机分配到益生菌组或对照组。干预 4 周后，分析益生菌对牙周致病菌和细胞因子水平的影响。
结果表明，所有益生菌均可诱导人牙龈上皮细胞表达人β防御素-2-4、白细胞介素-1β、白细胞介素-6、白细胞介素-8 和肿瘤坏死因子-α；然而，各菌株之间存在显著差异。当将单个益生菌株与牙周致病菌混合时，发现 IL-8 的表达显著降低。体内研究结果表明，与对照组相比，接受益生菌产品后，细菌水平（尤其是牙龈卟啉单胞菌）和白细胞介素-8 水平显著降低。
犬体内和体外研究的结果令人鼓舞，支持益生菌混合治疗通过降低牙周致病菌和白细胞介素-8 水平改善牙周健康的有效性。因此，这种益生菌制剂可能在人类牙周炎中具有治疗潜力。
