Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India.
Department of Psychiatry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India.
J Contemp Dent Pract. 2022 Apr 1;23(4):443-446.
This study aims to detect the prevalence of oral manifestations in patients with psychiatric disorders on psychotropic medications.
A total of 46 patients above the age of 18 years who have been diagnosed with psychiatric illness and under psychotropic medications were included in this study. Thorough case history and oral findings were recorded. Patients with already existing systemic illness and other oral manifestations were excluded from this study.
Out of 46 patients, 34 patients presented with oral manifestations such as xerostomia, sialorrhea, geographic tongue, candidiasis, and burning mouth syndrome, secondary to the use of psychotropic medications. The oral manifestations were significantly higher in the patients under antipsychotics (80.0%), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (66.7%), antiepileptics (55.6%), antidepressants (44.4%), benzodiazepine (44.4%), and tricyclic antidepressants (13.7%).
The commonly used psychotropic medications to treat patients with psychiatric illnesses such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, tricyclic antidepressants, antidepressants, and benzodiazepines exhibited several oral manifestations. However, long-term use of these medications seems to cause oral changes.
Awareness among psychiatrists about oral changes associated with the use of psychotropic medication will assist them to make necessary modifications in the prescriptions. Dental practitioners will be able to recognize these changes early in the course of the condition and provide appropriate treatment.
本研究旨在检测使用精神药物的精神障碍患者的口腔表现患病率。
本研究纳入了 46 名年龄在 18 岁以上、被诊断患有精神疾病且正在服用精神药物的患者。详细记录了他们的病史和口腔发现。患有已有的系统性疾病和其他口腔表现的患者被排除在本研究之外。
在 46 名患者中，有 34 名患者出现了口腔表现，如口干、流涎、地图舌、念珠菌病和灼口综合征，这些表现是由于使用精神药物引起的。使用抗精神病药（80.0%）、选择性 5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂（66.7%）、抗癫痫药（55.6%）、抗抑郁药（44.4%）、苯二氮䓬类（44.4%）和三环类抗抑郁药（13.7%）的患者口腔表现明显更高。
用于治疗精神疾病患者的常用精神药物，如选择性 5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂、三环类抗抑郁药、抗抑郁药和苯二氮䓬类药物，会表现出多种口腔表现。然而，这些药物的长期使用似乎会导致口腔变化。
精神科医生对与精神药物使用相关的口腔变化的认识将有助于他们在处方中进行必要的修改。牙医将能够在疾病早期识别出这些变化，并提供适当的治疗。
