Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 1-1-20 Daiko-Minami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 461-8673, Japan.
Department of Pediatric, Sunrise Japan Hospital Phnom Penh, No177E, Kola Lourn Street (the Bay Road), Group2, Phurn2, Sangkat Chroy Changvar Khan Chroy Changvar, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
J Epidemiol Glob Health. 2022 Sep;12(3):224-231. doi: 10.1007/s44197-022-00053-5. Epub 2022 Aug 10.
The incidence of noncommunicable diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus, is increasing in Cambodia. Urbanization and lifestyle changes due to rapid economic development have affected the components of metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of MetS, MetS components, and health status among Cambodians living in urban areas.
This cross-sectional study enrolled adult Cambodians (age ≥ 20 years) who underwent a health checkup at a Japanese hospital in Phnom Penh. MetS was defined based on the harmonized diagnostic definition from the joint interim statement.
Among the 6090 (3174 men and 2916 women) participants who were enrolled in the study, the prevalence of MetS was 60.1% in men and 52.4% in women. The prevalence of elevated blood pressure was 73.2% in men and 65.3% in women, and was the highest MetS component in both men and women. In contrast, the lowest prevalence rates were observed for abdominal obesity (44.8%) in men and for high triglyceride levels (33.5%) in women. The MetS group showed a significantly higher proportion of patients with hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity compared with the non-MetS group.
The high prevalence of MetS in this study was attributed to urbanization, as in economically developed countries. It is necessary to explore the lifestyle habits of Cambodians that contribute to MetS and to develop preventive measures to reduce the incidence and prevalence of MetS.
柬埔寨的非传染性疾病（如心血管疾病和糖尿病）发病率正在上升。由于经济快速发展导致的城市化和生活方式的改变，影响了代谢综合征（MetS）的组成部分。本研究旨在确定居住在城市地区的柬埔寨人代谢综合征的流行率、代谢综合征的组成部分和健康状况。
本横断面研究纳入了在金边的一家日本医院接受健康检查的成年柬埔寨人（年龄≥20 岁）。代谢综合征是根据联合临时声明的协调诊断定义来定义的。
在纳入研究的 6090 名（3174 名男性和 2916 名女性）参与者中，男性代谢综合征的患病率为 60.1%，女性为 52.4%。男性高血压的患病率为 73.2%，女性为 65.3%，在男性和女性中均为最高的代谢综合征组成部分。相比之下，男性中腹部肥胖（44.8%）和女性中高甘油三酯水平（33.5%）的患病率最低。代谢综合征组与非代谢综合征组相比，高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常和肥胖的患者比例明显更高。
本研究中代谢综合征的高患病率归因于与经济发达国家一样的城市化。有必要探索导致代谢综合征的柬埔寨人的生活方式习惯，并制定预防措施以降低代谢综合征的发生率和患病率。
