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吡咯里西啶生物碱在反刍动物瘤胃中的代谢可能解释了为什么反刍动物能够耐受比单胃动物更高的剂量。

Rumen Metabolism of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids May Explain Why Cattle Tolerate Higher Doses Than Monogastric Species.

机构信息

Department Safety in the Food Chain, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, 10589 Berlin, Germany.

Institute of Animal Nutrition, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany.

出版信息

J Agric Food Chem. 2022 Aug 24;70(33):10111-10120. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01332. Epub 2022 Aug 10.

DOI:10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01332
PMID:35948427
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9413219/
Abstract

Rumen metabolism of pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) and their -oxide forms was studied by mass spectrometry in in vitro batch culture incubates and confirmed in in vivo samples. Most -oxides were found to undergo rapid conversion to their corresponding free bases, followed by biotransformation to metabolites hydrogenated at both the necine base and the necic acid moiety. Therefore, rumen metabolism can be considered a detoxification step, as saturated necine base structures are known as the platyphylline type, which is regarded as less or nontoxic. Individual PAs, such as jacoline, are metabolized slowly during rumen fermentation. PAs that showed limited biotransformation in the rumen in this study also showed limited transformation and CYP-mediated bioactivation in the liver in other studies. This could not only explain why PAs that are comparatively metabolically stable can pass into milk but also suggest that such PAs might be considered compounds of lesser concern.

摘要

吡咯里西啶生物碱（PAs）及其 -氧化物形式在体外分批培养物中的质谱研究得到了证实，并在体内样本中得到了证实。大多数 -氧化物被发现会迅速转化为其相应的游离碱，然后转化为在萘啶碱基和萘基酸部分都被氢化的代谢物。因此，瘤胃代谢可以被认为是一种解毒步骤，因为饱和的萘啶碱基结构被认为是platypylline 型，被认为是低毒或无毒的。个别 PAs，如 jacoline，在瘤胃发酵过程中代谢缓慢。在本研究中，在瘤胃中生物转化有限的 PAs 在其他研究中也显示出在肝脏中的有限转化和 CYP 介导的生物活化。这不仅可以解释为什么相对代谢稳定的 PAs 可以进入牛奶，还可以表明这些 PAs 可能被认为是不太值得关注的化合物。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ce64/9413219/b314ddb47946/jf2c01332_0008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ce64/9413219/c2e2c2e0a9c9/jf2c01332_0002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ce64/9413219/778ab15777ff/jf2c01332_0003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ce64/9413219/e7042754af45/jf2c01332_0004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ce64/9413219/ccb8e439e940/jf2c01332_0005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ce64/9413219/5b59307cb36c/jf2c01332_0006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ce64/9413219/5a0098b51bcd/jf2c01332_0007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ce64/9413219/b314ddb47946/jf2c01332_0008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ce64/9413219/c2e2c2e0a9c9/jf2c01332_0002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ce64/9413219/778ab15777ff/jf2c01332_0003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ce64/9413219/e7042754af45/jf2c01332_0004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ce64/9413219/ccb8e439e940/jf2c01332_0005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ce64/9413219/5b59307cb36c/jf2c01332_0006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ce64/9413219/5a0098b51bcd/jf2c01332_0007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ce64/9413219/b314ddb47946/jf2c01332_0008.jpg

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