Department Safety in the Food Chain, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment , Berlin, Germany.
Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig , Braunschweig, Germany.
Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2020 Aug;37(8):1339-1358. doi: 10.1080/19440049.2020.1757166. Epub 2020 May 21.
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) and their corresponding -oxides (PANOs) have been determined in food and feed at levels relevant for consumer health. More than 660 different PAs have been detected, but few are available as reference substances for analytical demands. In the context of the European legislation on maximum levels of PAs in food products, a defined analytical scope of 21 PAs for determination has been suggested. An expansion of the scope from 21 to 35 PAs, including 14 structural isomers, is currently under discussion. In the present study, a target screening method was established for a comprehensive characterisation of PA profiles of the species and spp. to assess whether an expansion of the analytical scope is required to quantitatively cover the total PA contents of Boraginaceae species. The scope of the method comprised known and unknown PAs previously screened and confirmed in the respective plant extracts. A total of 176 PAs and PANOs were detected. The toxic 1,2-unsaturated PAs represent the predominant PA type with about 98% of the mean total content. This PA profiling demonstrates that an expansion of the scope from 21 to 35 PAs is required to adequately cover the mean total PA contents of and , whereas in the case of spp. and an expansion would not be necessary.
Pyrrolizidine alkaloid: PA, Pyrrolizidine alkaloid -oxide: PANO, European Food Safety Authority: EFSA, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment: BfR, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography: UHPLC, high-resolution: HR, tandem mass spectrometer: MS/MS, multiple reaction monitoring: MRM, data-independent MS2: ddms2, electrospray ionisation: ESI, limit of detection: LOD, limit of quantification: LOQ, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry: GC-MS, fragmentation (data): MS2 (data), full scan: MS1, variable data-independent acquisition: vDIA, monoester esterified with a necic acid at position C9 of the necine base: O-monoester, relative proportion: rel. prop., intraperitoneal: i.p., intravenous: i.v., higher-energy C-trap dissociation: HCD, all-ion fragmentation: AIF, parallel reaction monitoring: PRM.
已在食品和饲料中测定了吡咯里西啶生物碱 (PAs) 及其相应的 -氧化物 (PANOs)，其水平与消费者健康有关。已经检测到超过 660 种不同的 PAs，但很少有可用作分析需求的参考物质。在欧洲关于食品中 PAs 最大水平的法规范围内，建议确定 21 种 PAs 的分析范围。目前正在讨论将范围从 21 种扩大到 35 种，包括 14 种结构异构体。在本研究中，建立了一种针对物种和 spp. 的 PA 图谱的靶向筛选方法，以评估是否需要扩大分析范围以定量涵盖柳穿鱼科物种的总 PA 含量。该方法的范围包括以前在各自植物提取物中筛选和确认的已知和未知 PAs。共检测到 176 种 PAs 和 PANOs。有毒的 1,2-不饱和 PAs 是主要的 PA 类型，占平均总含量的约 98%。这种 PA 分析表明，需要将范围从 21 种扩大到 35 种，以充分涵盖和的平均总 PA 含量，而对于 spp. 和 ，则不需要扩大范围。
吡咯里西啶生物碱：PA，吡咯里西啶生物碱 -氧化物：PANO，欧洲食品安全局：EFSA，德国联邦风险评估研究所：BfR，超高效液相色谱：UHPLC，高分辨率：HR，串联质谱：MS/MS，多重反应监测：MRM，数据独立 MS2：ddms2，电喷雾电离：ESI，检测限：LOD，定量限：LOQ，气相色谱与质谱联用：GC-MS，碎片（数据）：MS2（数据），全扫描：MS1，可变数据独立采集：vDIA，与位于茄碱碱基 C9 位的 necic 酸酯化的单酯：O-单酯，相对比例：rel. prop.，腹腔内：i.p.，静脉内：i.v.，高能 C-阱解离：HCD，全离子碎裂：AIF，平行反应监测：PRM。
