印度尼西亚社区居住老年人家庭照顾者预防压疮知识、态度与实践评估工具（KAP-PI）的开发及心理测量学评价
Development and psychometric evaluation of an instrument to assess Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Family Caregivers at Preventing Pressure Injuries (KAP-PI) in Indonesian community-dwelling older adults.
作者信息
Sari Sheizi Prista, Everink Irma H J, Lohrmann Christa, Amir Yufitriana, Sari Eka Afrima, Halfens Ruud J G, Beeckman Dimitri, Schols Jos M G A
机构信息
Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Sumedang KM. 21 Jatinangor, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
Department of Health Services Research, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Duboisdomein 30, 6229 GT, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
出版信息
BMC Nurs. 2022 Aug 11;21(1):222. doi: 10.1186/s12912-022-00957-4.
BACKGROUND
The prevalence of pressure injuries among community-dwelling older adults in countries worldwide is still a serious problem. In Indonesia, older adults mostly rely on family members for (medical) care. Therefore, involving family members in the prevention and treatment of pressure injuries (PIs) could potentially decrease its prevalence rates. However, family members are usually not trained for such tasks. Hence, it is essential to first get more insight into the current state of affairs on family members' knowledge, attitude and actual practice of preventing PIs. Due to the lack of an existing instrument to measure knowledge, attitude and practice of family caregivers in preventing PIs, this study focuses on the development and evaluation of psychometric properties of such an instrument.
METHODS
Three phases of instrument development and evaluation were used, including item generation, instrument construction and psychometric testing of the instrument. A total of 372 family caregivers of community-dwelling older adults who randomly selected participated in this study. Principal factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha were performed to evaluate factor structure and internal consistency of the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Family Caregivers at Preventing Pressure Injuries (KAP-PI) instrument.
RESULTS
The final version of the KAP-PI-instrument consists of a 12-item knowledge domain, a 9-item attitude domain, and a 12-item practice domain with Cronbach's Alpha values of 0.83, 0.93 and 0.89, respectively. The instrument appeared to be both reliable and valid.
CONCLUSION
The KAP-PI instrument can be used in family nursing or community nursing practice, education, and research to assess knowledge, attitude and practice of pressure injury prevention of family caregivers.
背景
全球各国社区居住的老年人中压力性损伤的患病率仍然是一个严重问题。在印度尼西亚，老年人大多依靠家庭成员提供（医疗）护理。因此，让家庭成员参与压力性损伤（PI）的预防和治疗可能会降低其患病率。然而，家庭成员通常没有接受过此类任务的培训。因此，首先必须更深入地了解家庭成员在预防PI方面的知识、态度和实际做法的现状。由于缺乏现有的工具来衡量家庭护理人员在预防PI方面的知识、态度和实践，本研究重点关注此类工具的心理测量特性的开发和评估。
方法
采用工具开发和评估的三个阶段，包括项目生成、工具构建和工具的心理测量测试。共有372名随机选择的社区居住老年人的家庭护理人员参与了本研究。进行主因子分析、验证性因子分析和克朗巴哈系数分析，以评估家庭护理人员预防压力性损伤知识、态度和实践（KAP-PI）工具的因子结构和内部一致性。
结果
KAP-PI工具的最终版本包括一个由12个项目组成的知识领域、一个由9个项目组成的态度领域和一个由12个项目组成的实践领域，克朗巴哈系数值分别为0.83、0.93和0.89。该工具似乎既可靠又有效。
结论
KAP-PI工具可用于家庭护理或社区护理实践、教育和研究，以评估家庭护理人员预防压力性损伤的知识、态度和实践。
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