Castander-Olarieta Ander, Moncaleán Paloma, Montalbán Itziar A
Department of Forestry, NEIKER-BRTA. Arkaute Centre, Álava, Spain.
Methods Mol Biol. 2022;2527:41-56. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2485-2_4.
Among the different in vitro culture techniques, somatic embryogenesis has been one of the most important developments for plant tissue culture; it has enabled mass propagation and the development of biotechnological tools to enhance the productivity and quality of plantation forestry. This propagation technique together with cryopreservation is the base of multivarietal forestry.The development of somatic embryogenesis in forest trees dates from 1985, and in the last years several studies have focused on the development and optimization of the conifer somatic embryogenesis process to make it more efficient in terms of both the quantity and the characteristics of the plants obtained. However, these advances are not sufficiently refined to be implemented commercially for many Pinus spp. due to the high cost of the process derived from hand labor. Nowadays, trying to add value to the plants produced to compensate the high costs of the process, different studies are being developed in order to obtain Pinus somatic plants with better adaptation to environmental stresses prompted by the current situation of climate change.In this chapter, a summary of the recent somatic embryogenesis systems developed to achieve Pinus spp. high quality plants is presented.
在不同的体外培养技术中，体细胞胚胎发生一直是植物组织培养最重要的进展之一；它实现了大规模繁殖，并开发了生物技术工具以提高人工林的生产力和质量。这种繁殖技术与冷冻保存一起构成了多品种林业的基础。林木体细胞胚胎发生的发展始于1985年，近年来，多项研究聚焦于针叶树体细胞胚胎发生过程的开发与优化，以在获得的植株数量和特性方面提高其效率。然而，由于人工操作导致的高成本，这些进展对于许多松树品种而言还不够完善，无法进行商业化应用。如今，为了提高所培育植株的价值以弥补该过程的高成本，人们开展了不同的研究，旨在获得更能适应气候变化现状所引发的环境胁迫的松树体细胞植株。在本章中，将对为培育高品质松树品种而开发的近期体细胞胚胎发生系统进行总结。
