Farma Jeffrey M, Porpiglia Andrea S, Vo Elaine T
Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.
Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.
Surg Clin North Am. 2022 Aug;102(4):679-693. doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2022.04.007.
Neurogenic tumors arise from cells of the nervous system. These tumors can be found anywhere along the distribution of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system and are categorized based on cell of origin: ganglion cell, paraganglion cell, and nerve sheath cells. Ganglion cell-derived tumors include neuroblastomas, ganglioneuroblastomas, and ganglioneuromas. Paraganglion cell-derived tumors include paragangliomas and pheochromocytomas. Nerve sheath cell-derived tumors include schwannomas (neurilemmomas), neurofibromas, and neurofibromatosis. Most of these are benign; however, they can cause local compressive symptoms. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment, if clinically indicated. Nonetheless, a thorough preoperative workup is essential, especially for catecholamine-secreting tumors.
神经源性肿瘤起源于神经系统细胞。这些肿瘤可在交感神经系统和副交感神经系统分布的任何部位发现，并根据起源细胞进行分类：神经节细胞、副神经节细胞和神经鞘细胞。神经节细胞衍生的肿瘤包括神经母细胞瘤、神经节神经母细胞瘤和神经节神经瘤。副神经节细胞衍生的肿瘤包括副神经节瘤和嗜铬细胞瘤。神经鞘细胞衍生的肿瘤包括施万细胞瘤（神经鞘瘤）、神经纤维瘤和神经纤维瘤病。其中大多数是良性的；然而，它们可引起局部压迫症状。如果有临床指征，手术是主要的治疗方法。尽管如此，全面的术前检查至关重要，尤其是对于分泌儿茶酚胺的肿瘤。
