Department of Plant Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India; ICAR, Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, India.
Department of Plant Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India.
Plant Sci. 2022 Nov;324:111411. doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111411. Epub 2022 Aug 8.
Developing rice varieties with enhanced levels of functional bioactives is an important intervention for achieving food and nutritional security in Asia where rice is the staple food and Type II diabetes incidences are higher. The present study was aimed at dissecting out the molecular events underlying the accumulation of bio active compounds in pigmented traditional rice Kavuni. Comparative transcriptome profiling in the developing grains of Kavuni and a white rice variety ASD 16 generated 37.7 and 29.8 million reads respectively. Statistical analysis identified a total of 9177 exhibiting significant differential expression (DEGs) between the grains of Kavuni and ASD 16. Pathway mapping of DEGs revealed the preferential up-regulation of genes involved in the biosynthesis of amylose and dietary fibres in Kavuni accounting for its low glycemic index (GI). Transcripts involved in the biosynthesis of carotenoids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, phenolic acids and phenylpropanoids were also found to be up-regulated in the grains of Kavuni. This study identified up-regulation of key transcripts involved in the accumulation of phenolic acids having potential for inhibiting major hydrolytic enzymes α-amylase and α-glucosidase and thus accounting for the slow digestibility leading to low GI. Overall, this study has identified molecular targets for the genetic manipulation of anti-diabetic and anti-oxidant traits in rice.
培育富含功能性生物活性物质的水稻品种是实现亚洲粮食和营养安全的重要干预措施，因为在亚洲，水稻是主食，而 II 型糖尿病的发病率更高。本研究旨在剖析有色传统水稻 Kavuni 中生物活性化合物积累的分子事件。Kavuni 和白色水稻品种 ASD 16 的发育籽粒的比较转录组谱分析分别产生了 3770 万和 2980 万个读数。统计分析总共鉴定出 9177 个在 Kavuni 和 ASD 16 籽粒之间表现出显著差异表达（DEGs）。DEGs 的途径映射显示，Kavuni 中参与直链淀粉和膳食纤维生物合成的基因优先上调，这解释了其低血糖指数（GI）。还发现参与类胡萝卜素、类黄酮、花青素、酚酸和苯丙烷生物合成的转录物在 Kavuni 的籽粒中上调。本研究鉴定了参与酚酸积累的关键转录物的上调，这些酚酸具有抑制主要水解酶α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶的潜力，从而导致缓慢消化，导致低 GI。总的来说，本研究确定了在水稻中遗传操纵抗糖尿病和抗氧化特性的分子靶标。
