Carlsson Nina, Årestedt Kristofer, Alvariza Anette, Axelsson Lena, Bremer Anders
J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2023;38(5):454-461. doi: 10.1097/JCN.0000000000000937. Epub 2022 Aug 6.
Death from sudden cardiac arrest implies a stressful and challenging situation for bereaved family members with an increased risk of prolonged grief disorder and psychological distress.
The aims of this study were (1) to explore the associations between symptoms of prolonged grief and psychological distress and (2) to identify factors associated with symptoms of prolonged grief and psychological distress among bereaved family members of persons who died from sudden cardiac arrest.
This cross-sectional survey included bereaved adult family members. Demographic data and measures of prolonged grief (Prolonged Grief Disorder-13), anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), posttraumatic stress (Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5), and perceived social support (Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support) were analyzed using Spearman's correlations ( r s ) as well as univariate and multiple linear regression analyses.
In total, 108 family members participated. Significant associations between symptoms of prolonged grief, anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress were identified ( r s = 0.69-0.79, P < .001). Offered, sought, and/or received professional support from healthcare, lower levels of perceived social support, being a spouse of the deceased, female sex, younger age, and family presence during resuscitation were significantly associated with higher symptom levels of prolonged grief, anxiety, depression, and/or posttraumatic stress.
The results indicate that family members with higher levels of symptoms were offered, sought, and/or received professional support. However, because a minority are offered professional support after deaths from cardiac arrest, future interventions need to proactively identify family members in need of support. Furthermore, perceived social support seems to be an important factor for family members of persons who died from cardiac arrest.
心搏骤停导致的死亡对失去亲人的家庭成员来说意味着一种压力巨大且充满挑战的情况，他们患持续性悲伤障碍和心理困扰的风险会增加。
本研究的目的是（1）探讨持续性悲伤症状与心理困扰之间的关联，以及（2）确定心搏骤停死亡者的遗属中与持续性悲伤症状和心理困扰相关的因素。
这项横断面调查纳入了失去亲人的成年家庭成员。使用Spearman相关性分析（rs）以及单变量和多元线性回归分析，对人口统计学数据以及持续性悲伤（持续性悲伤障碍 - 13量表）、焦虑和抑郁（医院焦虑抑郁量表）、创伤后应激（DSM - 5创伤后应激障碍检查表）和感知社会支持（多维感知社会支持量表）的测量结果进行了分析。
共有108名家庭成员参与。确定了持续性悲伤、焦虑、抑郁和创伤后应激症状之间存在显著关联（rs = 0.69 - 0.79，P <.001）。从医疗保健机构获得、寻求和/或接受专业支持、较低水平的感知社会支持、作为死者的配偶、女性、较年轻的年龄以及复苏期间家人在场，均与持续性悲伤、焦虑、抑郁和/或创伤后应激的较高症状水平显著相关。
结果表明，症状水平较高的家庭成员获得、寻求和/或接受了专业支持。然而，由于心搏骤停死亡后只有少数人获得专业支持，未来的干预措施需要主动识别需要支持的家庭成员。此外，感知社会支持似乎是心搏骤停死亡者家庭成员的一个重要因素。
