Friedenreich Christine M, Morielli Andria R, Lategan Irizelle, Ryder-Burbidge Charlotte, Yang Lin
Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Holy Cross Centre, 2210-2nd St SW, Calgary, AB, T2S 3C3, Canada.
Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Curr Nutr Rep. 2022 Dec;11(4):717-741. doi: 10.1007/s13668-022-00431-2. Epub 2022 Aug 11.
To review the biologic mechanisms that may be operative between physical activity and survival after breast cancer.
Physical activity decreases risk of mortality from breast cancer by up to 40%. Several biologic mechanisms have been hypothesized to explain this association. Previous cohort studies and randomized trials have examined the primary mechanisms that appear to be operative, which involve a decrease in sex hormone levels, insulin resistance, and inflammation. The evidence is still inconsistent and several limitations in the existing literature exist. Understanding the biologic mechanisms involved in the association of physical activity and breast cancer survival will provide more precision to physical activity guidelines for cancer survival. To achieve this objective, future research should include direct measurements of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and health-related fitness to provide a more comprehensive assessment of these factors and their association with biomarkers and survival after breast cancer.
回顾体育活动与乳腺癌患者生存之间可能起作用的生物学机制。
体育活动可将乳腺癌死亡风险降低多达40%。已提出多种生物学机制来解释这种关联。既往队列研究和随机试验已对似乎起作用的主要机制进行了研究，这些机制包括性激素水平降低、胰岛素抵抗和炎症。证据仍然不一致，现有文献存在若干局限性。了解体育活动与乳腺癌生存关联中涉及的生物学机制将使癌症生存的体育活动指南更加精准。为实现这一目标，未来研究应包括对体育活动、久坐行为以及与健康相关的体能进行直接测量，以便更全面地评估这些因素及其与生物标志物和乳腺癌生存的关联。
