Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria of Ministry of Education and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jul 31;19(15):9382. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19159382.
Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are widely used as an additive in flame retardants, plasticizers, lubricants, consumer chemicals, and foaming agents. They can accumulate in aquatic organisms from water (waterborne exposure) and food (dietary exposure). However, the bioaccumulation characteristics and relative importance of different exposure routes to the bioaccumulation of OPEs are relatively poorly understood. In this study, were exposed to fo typical OPEs (tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP), tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBOEP), and triphenyl phosphate (TPHP)), and their toxicokinetics under waterborne and dietary exposure routes were analyzed. For the waterborne exposure route, the bioconcentration factors (BCFs) increased in the order of TBOEP, TCEP, TDCPP, and TPHP, which were consistent with their uptake rate constants. TPHP might have the most substantial accumulation potential while TBOEP may have the smallest potential. In dietary exposure, the depuration rate constants of four OPEs were different from those in the waterborne experiment, which may indicate other depuration mechanisms in two exposure routes. The biomagnification factors (BMFs) of fur OPEs were all below 1, suggesting trophic dilution in the transfer of four OPEs from to . Except for TBOEP, the contributions of dietary exposure were generally lower than waterborne exposure in under two exposure concentrations. This study provides information on the bioaccumulation and contribution of OPEs in via different exposure routes and highlights the importance of considering different exposure routes in assessing the risk of OPEs.
有机磷酸酯 (OPEs) 被广泛用作阻燃剂、增塑剂、润滑剂、消费品化学品和泡沫剂中的添加剂。它们可以从水中（水暴露）和食物（饮食暴露）中在水生生物体内积累。然而，OPEs 不同暴露途径的生物积累特征及其对生物积累的相对重要性还相对不太清楚。在这项研究中，我们研究了虹鳟鱼通过典型的 OPEs（三（2-氯乙基）磷酸酯 (TCEP)、三（1,3-二氯-2-丙基）磷酸酯 (TDCIPP)、三（2-丁氧基乙基）磷酸酯 (TBOEP) 和三苯基磷酸酯 (TPHP)) 的暴露途径及其在水暴露和饮食暴露途径下的毒代动力学。对于水暴露途径，生物浓缩因子 (BCF) 按 TBOEP、TCEP、TDCIPP 和 TPHP 的顺序增加，这与它们的吸收速率常数一致。TPHP 可能具有最大的积累潜力，而 TBOEP 可能具有最小的积累潜力。在饮食暴露中，四种 OPEs 的消除率常数与水暴露实验中的不同，这可能表明两种暴露途径中存在其他消除机制。四种 OPEs 的生物放大因子 (BMF) 均低于 1，表明在从虹鳟鱼到食鱼鸟类的转移过程中四种 OPEs 存在营养级稀释。除了 TBOEP，在两种暴露浓度下，饮食暴露对虹鳟鱼的贡献一般低于水暴露。本研究提供了有关虹鳟鱼通过不同暴露途径积累和贡献 OPEs 的信息，并强调了在评估 OPEs 风险时考虑不同暴露途径的重要性。
