High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Jendouba 7100, Tunisia.
High Institute of Sports and Physical Education, Ksar Said, University of Manouba, Tunis 2010, Tunisia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jul 31;19(15):9385. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19159385.
In order to maximize adaptations and to avoid nonfunctional overreaching syndrome or noncontact injury, coaches in high-performance sports must regularly monitor recovery before and after competitions/important training sessions and maintain well-being status. Therefore, quantifying and evaluating psychometric states of recovery during the season in sports teams such as soccer is important. Over the last years, there has been substantial growth in research related to psychometric states of recovery in soccer. The increase in research on this topic is coincident with the increase in popularity obtained by subjective monitoring of the pre-fatigue state of the players before each training sessions or match with a strong emphasis on the effects of well-being or recovery state. Among the subjective methods for players' control, the Hooper index (HI) assesses the quality of sleep during the previous night, overall stress, fatigue, and delayed-onset muscle soreness. Additionally, the total quality of recovery (TQR) scale measures recovery status. The HI and TQR recorded before each training session or match were affected by the variability of training load (TL) and influenced the physical and technical performances, and the affective aspects of soccer players. Researchers have recommended wellness monitoring soccer players' psychometric state of recovery before each training session or match in order to detect early signs of fatigue and optimize high-level training performance. This method allows for better detecting signs of individual fatigue and allows coaches to adapt and readjust the TL, and avoid physical and technical gaps in order to improve the performance of soccer players.
为了最大限度地适应训练，并避免出现非功能性过度训练综合征或非接触性损伤，高水平运动的教练必须定期监测比赛/重要训练前后的恢复情况，并保持良好的健康状态。因此，在足球等运动队中量化和评估赛季期间心理恢复状态非常重要。近年来，与足球心理恢复状态相关的研究有了实质性的增长。这一主题研究的增加与赛前疲劳状态的主观监测的普及度增加是一致的，并且非常强调健康或恢复状态的影响。在运动员控制的主观方法中，胡珀指数（HI）评估前一晚的睡眠质量、整体压力、疲劳和迟发性肌肉酸痛。此外，总恢复质量（TQR）量表衡量恢复状态。在每次训练或比赛前记录的 HI 和 TQR 受到训练负荷（TL）变化的影响，并影响足球运动员的身体和技术表现以及情感方面。研究人员建议在每次训练或比赛前监测运动员的心理恢复状态，以发现疲劳的早期迹象并优化高水平训练表现。这种方法可以更好地发现个体疲劳的迹象，使教练能够适应和调整 TL，避免身体和技术差距，从而提高足球运动员的表现。
