Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China.
Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Jul 31;23(15):8494. doi: 10.3390/ijms23158494.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing disease that severely affects patients' quality of life. The exact cause of IBD is uncertain, but current studies suggest that abnormal activation of the immune system, genetic susceptibility, and altered intestinal flora due to mucosal barrier defects may play an essential role in the pathogenesis of IBD. Unfortunately, IBD is currently difficult to be wholly cured. Thus, more treatment options are needed for different patients. Stem cell therapy, mainly including hematopoietic stem cell therapy and mesenchymal stem cell therapy, has shown the potential to improve the clinical disease activity of patients when conventional treatments are not effective. Stem cell therapy, an emerging therapy for IBD, can alleviate mucosal inflammation through mechanisms such as immunomodulation and colonization repair. Clinical studies have confirmed the effectiveness of stem cell transplantation in refractory IBD and the ability to maintain long-term remission in some patients. However, stem cell therapy is still in the research stage, and its safety and long-term efficacy remain to be further evaluated. This article reviews the upcoming stem cell transplantation methods for clinical application and the results of ongoing clinical trials to provide ideas for the clinical use of stem cell transplantation as a potential treatment for IBD.
炎症性肠病（IBD）是一种慢性、复发性疾病，严重影响患者的生活质量。IBD 的确切病因尚不清楚，但目前的研究表明，免疫系统的异常激活、遗传易感性以及由于黏膜屏障缺陷导致的肠道菌群改变，可能在 IBD 的发病机制中起重要作用。不幸的是，目前 IBD 很难被完全治愈。因此，需要为不同的患者提供更多的治疗选择。干细胞治疗，主要包括造血干细胞治疗和间充质干细胞治疗，在常规治疗无效时显示出改善患者临床疾病活动的潜力。干细胞治疗作为一种新兴的 IBD 治疗方法，可通过免疫调节和定植修复等机制缓解黏膜炎症。临床研究已证实干细胞移植在难治性 IBD 中的有效性，以及在一些患者中维持长期缓解的能力。然而，干细胞治疗仍处于研究阶段，其安全性和长期疗效仍有待进一步评估。本文综述了即将应用于临床的干细胞移植方法和正在进行的临床试验结果，为干细胞移植作为 IBD 潜在治疗方法的临床应用提供思路。
