Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Aug 5;23(15):8721. doi: 10.3390/ijms23158721.
Pituitary apoplexy is a rare syndrome, graded from asymptomatic subclinical apoplexy to a life-threatening condition due to pituitary ischemia or haemorrhage of an enlarged pituitary gland. The risk factors and the molecular underlying mechanisms are yet to be elucidated. We provide an overview of the general concepts, the potential factors associated with pituitary adenoma susceptibility for apoplectic events and the molecular mechanisms that could be involved such as HIF-1α/VEGF pathways and metalloproteinases activation, among others. The knowledge of the molecular mechanisms that could participate in the pathogenesis of pituitary apoplexy is crucial to advancement in the identification of future diagnostic tools and therapeutic targets in this rare but sometimes fatal condition.
垂体卒中是一种罕见的综合征，从轻症无症状的亚临床卒中到因垂体缺血或增大的垂体出血而危及生命的情况都有。其风险因素和潜在的分子机制尚不清楚。我们提供了一个概述，介绍了一般概念、与垂体腺瘤发生卒中事件相关的潜在因素，以及可能涉及的分子机制，如 HIF-1α/VEGF 通路和金属蛋白酶激活等。了解可能参与垂体卒中发病机制的分子机制对于在这种罕见但有时致命的情况下识别未来的诊断工具和治疗靶点的进展至关重要。
