Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Lu Mountain Road No. 286, Changsha 410081, China.
School of Public Health and Laboratory, Hunan University of Medicine, Jinxi Road No. 492, Huaihua 418000, China.
Nutrients. 2022 Jul 28;14(15):3095. doi: 10.3390/nu14153095.
Objective: The present study aims to measure docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in both the plasma and erythrocyte of a child population and compares them with respect to their associations with dietary and metabolic risk patterns. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, and a total of 435 children ages 5−7 years old were recruited. Diet information was collected using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The physical indicators, blood pressure, and glycolipid metabolic indicators were determined. The plasma and erythrocyte DHA were analyzed using a gas chromatography mass spectrometer. Principal component analysis was used to identify dietary and metabolic risk patterns. Multivariate regression analyses were used to investigate the associations of DHA status with dietary and metabolic risk patterns. Results: A significant correlation between plasma and the erythrocyte DHA concentration was found (r = 0.232, p < 0.001). A diversified dietary pattern characterized that a high intake of diversified foods had a positive association with the plasma DHA level (β = 0.145, 95% CI: 0.0450.244, p = 0.004). Children of obesity risk patterns with a high weight, pelvis breadth, BMI, upper arm circumference, and chest circumference had lower plasma DHA concentrations (OR = 0.873, 95% CI: 0.7860.969, p = 0.011). Children with higher plasma and erythrocyte DHA concentrations were adhered to blood lipid risk patterns with high CHOL and LDL-C levels. The plasma DHA (OR = 1.271, 95% CI: 1.1421.415, p < 0.001) had a stronger association with a blood lipid risk pattern than erythrocyte (OR = 1.043, 95% CI: 1.0021.086, p = 0.040). Conclusions: The diversified dietary pattern had a higher plasma DHA concentration. Lower levels of plasma DHA were positively associated with obesity in children. DHA in plasma appears to be more strongly associated with blood lipid metabolism than erythrocyte. Plasma DHA may be a more sensitive bidirectional biomarker to evaluate the recently comprehensive diet intake and metabolic risk of children.
本研究旨在测量儿童群体的血浆和红细胞中的二十二碳六烯酸（DHA），并比较它们与饮食和代谢风险模式的关联。方法：进行了一项横断面研究，共招募了 435 名 5-7 岁的儿童。使用食物频率问卷（FFQ）收集饮食信息。测定身体指标、血压和糖脂代谢指标。采用气相色谱质谱联用仪分析血浆和红细胞 DHA。采用主成分分析识别饮食和代谢风险模式。采用多元回归分析探讨 DHA 状况与饮食和代谢风险模式的关系。结果：发现血浆和红细胞 DHA 浓度之间存在显著相关性（r = 0.232，p < 0.001）。一种饮食多样化的模式，即高摄入多样化的食物与血浆 DHA 水平呈正相关（β = 0.145，95%CI：0.0450.244，p = 0.004）。肥胖风险模式的儿童体重、骨盆宽、BMI、上臂围和胸围较高，其血浆 DHA 浓度较低（OR = 0.873，95%CI：0.7860.969，p = 0.011）。具有较高血浆和红细胞 DHA 浓度的儿童更符合高 CHOL 和 LDL-C 水平的血脂风险模式。血浆 DHA（OR = 1.271，95%CI：1.1421.415，p < 0.001）与血脂风险模式的相关性强于红细胞（OR = 1.043，95%CI：1.0021.086，p = 0.040）。结论：多样化的饮食模式具有更高的血浆 DHA 浓度。儿童血浆 DHA 水平较低与肥胖呈正相关。血浆 DHA 与血脂代谢的相关性强于红细胞。血浆 DHA 可能是一种更敏感的双向生物标志物，用于评估儿童近期的综合饮食摄入和代谢风险。
